Kuehr J, Frischer T, Karmaus W, Meinert R, Barth R, Urbanek R
University Children's Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.
Allergy. 1992 Dec;47(6):650-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02390.x.
To investigate potential risk factors for clinical atopy in childhood, we obtained cross-sectional data from a cohort of 1376 8-year-old pupils. Parental atopy (hay fever, asthma, eczema), gestational age, maternal smoking habits, and the child's history of asthma, hay fever, and eczema were ascertained by questionnaire. Combining the history and the result of a skin prick test using seven aeroallergens, we defined the child's atopic diseases. Of the population evaluated, 25.4% were categorized as atopic (10.2% allergic asthma, 17.3% eczema, 6.9% hay fever). As compared with the clear nonatopics (40.2%), parental atopic diseases were more prevalent in each of the atopic groups. Significant associations of the parents' and child's disease were obvious for eczema and hay fever. Low gestational age (LGA) was more frequent in children with any atopy or with an allergic asthma (odds ratio (OR) 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.97; OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.5-5.4). Hay fever and allergic asthma occurred less frequently in girls (OR 0.5; 95% confidence interval 0.3-0.8; OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4-0.9). In conclusion, our data underline the importance of parental atopy for the clinical outcome in the offspring. In addition, LGA appears to be a risk factor for allergic asthma and for general atopy in later life.
为了调查儿童临床特应性的潜在风险因素，我们从一个由1376名8岁小学生组成的队列中获取了横断面数据。通过问卷调查确定父母的特应性（花粉症、哮喘、湿疹）、孕周、母亲吸烟习惯以及孩子的哮喘、花粉症和湿疹病史。结合病史和使用七种空气过敏原进行皮肤点刺试验的结果，我们定义了儿童的特应性疾病。在评估的人群中，25.4%被归类为特应性（10.2%为过敏性哮喘，17.3%为湿疹，6.9%为花粉症）。与明确的非特应性人群（40.2%）相比，父母的特应性疾病在每个特应性组中更为普遍。父母和孩子的疾病在湿疹和花粉症方面有明显的显著关联。低孕周（LGA）在任何特应性或过敏性哮喘儿童中更为常见（优势比（OR）1.7；95%置信区间（CI）1.02 - 2.97；OR 2.8；95% CI 1.5 - 5.4）。花粉症和过敏性哮喘在女孩中发生频率较低（OR 0.5；95%置信区间0.3 - 0.8；OR 0.6；95% CI 0.4 - 0.9）。总之，我们的数据强调了父母特应性对后代临床结局的重要性。此外，低孕周似乎是后期生活中过敏性哮喘和一般特应性的一个风险因素。
