Levy R, Arfi J-S, Daffos F
Service de médecine foetale, institut de puériculture et de périnatalogie, 26, boulevard Brune, 75014 Paris, France.
Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2003 Jun;31(6):550-5. doi: 10.1016/s1297-9589(03)00136-x.
This article describes the current techniques of foetal sampling. All of them are actually ultrasound guided, and therefore generally very safe. Nevertheless, an elaborate learning process remains indispensable, in addition to a particular attention to the quality of the physician-patient dialogue. The choice of a technique depends on the indication and on the term of the pregnancy. The most frequently used technique is amniocentesis which presents a low risk of foetal loss, estimated between 0.2 and 0.5 percent. The interest of chorionic villus sampling is the possibility to obtain results at an earlier stage of pregnancy, with a lower risk taking when compared to early amniocentesis. We prefer the transabdominal chorionic villus sampling to the transvaginal. Foetal blood sampling is still required in some cases, but the risk of complications is higher--around 1 percent.
本文介绍了当前的胎儿采样技术。实际上，所有这些技术都是在超声引导下进行的，因此一般非常安全。然而，除了要特别关注医患对话的质量外，精心的学习过程仍然必不可少。技术的选择取决于指征和孕周。最常用的技术是羊膜穿刺术，其导致胎儿丢失的风险较低，估计在0.2%至0.5%之间。绒毛取样的好处是能够在妊娠早期获得结果，与早期羊膜穿刺术相比，风险更低。与经阴道绒毛取样相比，我们更倾向于经腹绒毛取样。在某些情况下仍需要进行胎儿血样采集，但并发症风险更高——约为1%。
