Owen N, Wakefield M, Roberts L, Esterman A
Department of Community Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Health Psychol. 1992;11(6):413-7. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.11.6.413.
We examined the population prevalence and correlates of stages in smokers' readiness to quit, using data from 1,048 smokers recruited in a self-weighting, multistage, systematic clustered area sample from 0.44% of South Australian dwellings, with an 89% response rate. Smokers in the precontemplation stage comprised 24.1% of the sample, smokers in the contemplation stage comprised 47.2%, and smokers in the preparation stage comprised 28.7%. No sociodemographic variables (i.e., age, sex, marital status, educational level) were found to be significant independent predictors of membership in the different stages. The five significant independent predictors of being in the precontemplation stage (vs. the contemplation stage) were (a) having a higher confidence of quitting, (b) seeing fewer health risks associated with smoking, (c) not having made an attempt to quit, (d) seeing quitting as more difficult, and (e) smoking 25 or more cigarettes a day. The two significant independent predictors of being in the contemplation stage (vs. the preparation stage) were (a) having lower confidence of quitting and (b) not having tried to quit. We discuss implications for the understanding of smoking behavior in populations and also consider how cessation campaigns might address the factors associated with different stages of readiness to quit.
我们利用从南澳大利亚0.44%的住宅中采用自加权、多阶段、系统聚类区域抽样方法招募的1048名吸烟者的数据，研究了吸烟者戒烟意愿各阶段的总体患病率及其相关因素，应答率为89%。处于未考虑戒烟阶段的吸烟者占样本的24.1%，处于考虑戒烟阶段的吸烟者占47.2%，处于准备戒烟阶段的吸烟者占28.7%。未发现任何社会人口统计学变量（即年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育水平）是不同阶段成员身份的显著独立预测因素。处于未考虑戒烟阶段（相对于考虑戒烟阶段）的五个显著独立预测因素为：（a）戒烟信心较高；（b）认为吸烟相关健康风险较少；（c）未尝试戒烟；（d）认为戒烟更困难；（e）每天吸烟25支或更多。处于考虑戒烟阶段（相对于准备戒烟阶段）的两个显著独立预测因素为：（a）戒烟信心较低；（b）未尝试戒烟。我们讨论了对理解人群吸烟行为的启示，还考虑了戒烟运动如何应对与不同戒烟意愿阶段相关的因素。
