Avellanet Mercè, Fiter Meritxell, Cirera Eva, Coll Margarida
Andorran Women Research Group (WRG), Andorran Science Society, Andorra la Vella, Principality of Andorra.
BMC Womens Health. 2003 Jul 16;3(1):5. doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-3-5.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a frequent public health problem with negative social consequences, particularly for women. Female susceptibility is the result of anatomical, social, economic and cultural factors. The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the prevalence of UI in the female population of Andorra over the age of 15 and, specifically, to determine the influence of socio-demographic factors. A secondary aim of the study is to measure the degree of concern associated with UI and whether the involved subjects have asked for medical assistance, or not. METHODS: Women aged 15 and over, answered a self-administered questionnaire while attending professional health units in Andorra during the period November 1998 to January 2000. A preliminary study was carried out to ensure that the questionnaire was both understandable and simple. RESULTS: 863 completed questionnaires were obtained during a one year period. The breakdown of the places where the questionnaires were obtained and filled out is as follows: 32.4% - medical specialists' offices; 31.5% - outpatient centres served exclusively by nurses; 24% - primary care doctors' offices; 12% from other sources. Of the women who answered the questionnaire, 37% manifested urine losses. Of those,45.3% presented regular urinary incontinence (RUI) and 55.7% presented sporadic urinary incontinence (SporadicUI). In those women aged between 45 and 64, UI was present in 56% of the subjects. UI was more frequent among parous than non-parous women. UI was perceived as a far more bothersome and disabling condition by working, middle-class women than in other socio-economic groups. Women in this particular group are more limited by UI, less likely to seek medical advice but more likely to follow a course of treatment. From a general point of view, however, less than 50% of women suffering from UI sought medical advice. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of UI in the female population of Andorra stands at about 37%, a statistic which should encourage both health professionals and women to a far greater awareness of this condition.
尿失禁（UI）是一个常见的公共卫生问题，会产生负面的社会影响，对女性影响尤甚。女性易患尿失禁是解剖学、社会、经济和文化等多种因素共同作用的结果。本研究的主要目的是评估安道尔15岁以上女性人群中尿失禁的患病率，特别是确定社会人口学因素的影响。该研究的次要目的是衡量与尿失禁相关的担忧程度，以及相关受试者是否寻求过医疗帮助。
1998年11月至2000年1月期间，15岁及以上的女性在安道尔的专业医疗单位就诊时，自行填写一份问卷。开展了一项初步研究以确保问卷既易懂又简单。
在一年时间内共获得863份完整问卷。问卷获取和填写地点分布如下：32.4%——医学专家办公室；31.5%——仅由护士提供服务的门诊中心；24%——初级保健医生办公室；12%来自其他来源。在回答问卷的女性中，37%有尿液泄漏情况。其中，45.3%表现为规律性尿失禁（RUI），55.7%表现为偶发性尿失禁（SporadicUI）。在45至64岁的女性中，56%的受试者存在尿失禁。经产妇比未生育女性尿失禁更为常见。在职的中产阶级女性比其他社会经济群体更认为尿失禁是一种麻烦得多且导致生活不便的病症。这一特定群体的女性受尿失禁限制更大，寻求医疗建议的可能性较小，但更有可能接受治疗。然而，总体而言，不到50%的尿失禁女性寻求过医疗建议。
安道尔女性人群中尿失禁的患病率约为37%，这一统计数据应促使医疗专业人员和女性对这种病症有更高的认识。
