May Chr Albrecht
Department of Anatomy II, Friedrich Alexander Universität, Erlangen, Germany.
Curr Eye Res. 2003 Jul;27(1):1-6. doi: 10.1076/ceyr.27.2.1.15459.
As an elaborated network of non-vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin positive cells (NVSMC) is present in the human eye, the purpose of this investigation was to describe the presence of NVSMC in the sclera and choroid of different mammals and primates.
Whole mounts and tangential serial sections through the sclera and choroid of human donor eyes, of cynomolgus and rhesus monkey, mangabey, owl monkey, tree shrew, pig, cow, rabbit, cat, dog, and rat eyes were stained with a mouse-anti-smooth muscle alpha-actin antibody. The mean number/mm( 2) of NVSMC was calculated in the central region of each quadrant.
In cynomolgus and rhesus monkey eyes, numerous NVSMC were located in the suprachoroidal and inner scleral region. In the temporal quadrant, the density of NVSMC was highest. NVSMC were semicircular arranged around the entering long ciliary artery and nerve. In the mangabey and owl monkey choroid, the number of NVSMC was about ten-fold less than in macaque monkeys. Most of the NVSMC were located parallel to large vessels and only some cells were seen in the suprachoroid and inner sclera. In the tree shrew monkey and in all other mammal eyes, no NVSMC could be detected. In the human eyes, in addition to the suprachoroidal and inner scleral NVSMC numerous cells were located in the choroid proper. The regional distribution and the orientation of the NVSMC was comparable in human and macaque monkey eyes.
Comparing these findings with the literature, the presence of NVSMC correlates with the development of a central fovea and an elaborated accommodative system. Its functional significance remains to be determined.
由于人眼中存在由非血管平滑肌α-肌动蛋白阳性细胞（NVSMC）构成的精细网络，本研究旨在描述不同哺乳动物和灵长类动物巩膜和脉络膜中NVSMC的存在情况。
用人抗平滑肌α-肌动蛋白抗体对人供体眼、食蟹猴和恒河猴、白眉猴、夜猴、树鼩、猪、牛、兔、猫、狗和大鼠眼睛的巩膜和脉络膜的整装标本和切线连续切片进行染色。计算每个象限中心区域NVSMC的平均数量/平方毫米。
在食蟹猴和恒河猴眼中，大量NVSMC位于脉络膜上腔和巩膜内层区域。在颞侧象限，NVSMC的密度最高。NVSMC围绕进入的睫状长动脉和神经呈半圆形排列。在白眉猴和夜猴脉络膜中，NVSMC的数量比猕猴少约10倍。大多数NVSMC与大血管平行排列，仅在脉络膜上腔和巩膜内层可见一些细胞。在树鼩和所有其他哺乳动物眼中，未检测到NVSMC。在人眼中，除脉络膜上腔和巩膜内层的NVSMC外，在脉络膜固有层中也有大量细胞。人眼和猕猴眼中NVSMC的区域分布和方向具有可比性。
将这些发现与文献进行比较，NVSMC的存在与中央凹和精细调节系统的发育相关。其功能意义仍有待确定。
