Beutter Brent R, Eckstein Miguel P, Stone Leland S
MS 262-2, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, USA.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2003 Jul;20(7):1341-55. doi: 10.1364/josaa.20.001341.
Humans use saccadic eye movements when they search for visual targets. We investigated the relationship between the visual processing used by saccades and perception during search by comparing saccadic and perceptual decisions under conditions in which each had access to equal visual information. We measured the accuracy of perceptual judgments and of the first search saccade over a wide range of target saliences [signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)] in both a contrast-detection and a contrast-discrimination task. We found that saccadic and perceptual performances (1) were similar across SNRs, (2) showed similar task-dependent differences, and (3) were well described by a model based on signal detection theory that explicitly includes observer uncertainty [M. P. Eckstein et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 14, 2406 (1997)1]. Our results demonstrate that the accuracy of the first saccade provides much information about the observer's perceptual state at the time of the saccadic decision and provide evidence that saccades and perception use similar visual processing mechanisms for contrast detection and discrimination.
人类在搜索视觉目标时会使用眼跳运动。我们通过比较在每种运动都能获取等量视觉信息的条件下眼跳运动和感知过程中所使用的视觉处理方式，来研究眼跳运动所使用的视觉处理与搜索过程中的感知之间的关系。在对比度检测和对比度辨别任务中，我们在广泛的目标显著性[信噪比（SNR）]范围内测量了感知判断和首次搜索眼跳的准确性。我们发现，眼跳运动和感知表现：（1）在不同信噪比下相似；（2）表现出相似的任务依赖性差异；（3）可以通过基于信号检测理论的模型很好地描述，该模型明确包含观察者的不确定性[M. P. Eckstein等人，《美国光学学会志A》14, 2406 (1997)1]。我们的结果表明，首次眼跳的准确性提供了关于眼跳决策时观察者感知状态的大量信息，并证明眼跳运动和感知在对比度检测和辨别中使用相似的视觉处理机制。
