审视美国政府工业卫生学家会议的风险评估：三氯乙烯案例
Scrutinizing ACGIH risk assessments: the trichloroethylene case.
作者信息
Rudén Christina
机构信息
Philosophy Unit, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2003 Aug;44(2):207-13. doi: 10.1002/ajim.10252.
BACKGROUND
The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit values (TLVs) for occupational exposure to chemicals and physical agents have been very influential in the setting of occupational exposure limits in many countries.
METHODS
Three ACGIH risk assessments of the chlorinated solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) [ACGIH (1989): 5th edition; ACGIH (1992): 5th edition. Revised Vol II; ACGIH (1996): Suppl. 6th edition] are compared to 26 other risk assessments made of the same chemical substance. The documents are compared in terms of their overall conclusions and the data selected for assessment.
RESULTS
It is shown that these ACGIH risk assessment documents were based on incomplete and biased data sets.
CONCLUSIONS
The data on which the ACGIH [ACGIH (1996): Suppl. 6th edition] base their TCE risk assessment do not adequately reflect the available scientific knowledge about TCE toxicity and carcinogenicity. This may have influenced their conclusion that TCE is not carcinogenic in either animals or humans which stand out compared to contemporary risk assessments.
背景
美国政府工业卫生学家会议（ACGIH）制定的职业接触化学物质和物理因素的阈限值（TLVs）在许多国家的职业接触限值设定方面具有很大影响力。
方法
将ACGIH对氯代溶剂三氯乙烯（TCE）的三项风险评估[ACGIH（1989年）：第5版；ACGIH（1992年）：第5版。第二卷修订版；ACGIH（1996年）：第6版增刊]与对同一化学物质进行的其他26项风险评估进行比较。从总体结论和评估所选数据方面对这些文件进行比较。
结果
结果表明，这些ACGIH风险评估文件所依据的数据集不完整且有偏差。
结论
ACGIH[ACGIH（1996年）：第6版增刊]进行三氯乙烯风险评估所依据的数据未能充分反映有关三氯乙烯毒性和致癌性的现有科学知识。这可能影响了他们得出的三氯乙烯在动物和人类中均无致癌性的结论，与当代风险评估相比，这一结论显得突出。
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