Saks Kai, Kolk Helgi, Soots Annely, Takker Urmas, Vask Monika
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2003 Jun;21(2):106-9. doi: 10.1080/02813430310001716.
To assess the prevalence of diagnoses of cardiovascular disorders among the elderly in family practice.
Cross-sectional study.
Estonia, population aged 65 years or older (206,915 persons).
811 elderly persons selected randomly from the lists of family practitioners.
Prevalence of hypertension, hypotension, coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF) and cardiac arrhythmias; differences between the genders and age groups.
The prevalence of cardiovascular disorders was as follows: hypertension 63.2%, hypotension 11.1%, CHD 56.5%, MI 9.8%, HF 41.4% and arrhythmias 37.5%. Women had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension and men of MI. The prevalence of CHD and hypotension was significantly higher in the oldest elderly persons.
Among the older population in Estonia, cardiovascular disorders that have broader diagnostic criteria and need expensive methods for verifying (CHD, HF) have a high prevalence and are most likely over-diagnosed. The need for strict and simple diagnostic methods for these disorders in primary care practice continues to be serious.
评估家庭医疗中老年人心血管疾病的诊断患病率。
横断面研究。
爱沙尼亚，65岁及以上人群（206,915人）。
从家庭医生名单中随机选取的811名老年人。
高血压、低血压、冠心病（CHD）、心肌梗死（MI）、心力衰竭（HF）和心律失常的患病率；性别和年龄组之间的差异。
心血管疾病的患病率如下：高血压63.2%，低血压11.1%，冠心病56.5%，心肌梗死9.8%，心力衰竭41.4%，心律失常37.5%。女性高血压患病率显著高于男性，男性心肌梗死患病率显著高于女性。年龄最大的老年人中冠心病和低血压的患病率显著更高。
在爱沙尼亚的老年人群中，诊断标准更宽泛且需要昂贵检查方法来确诊的心血管疾病（冠心病、心力衰竭）患病率很高，很可能存在过度诊断的情况。基层医疗实践中对这些疾病采用严格且简便诊断方法的需求仍然十分迫切。
