Zea-Flores R, Richards F O, González-Peralta C, Castro Ramirez J, Zea-Flores G, Collins R C, Cupp E
Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Nov-Dec;86(6):663-6. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90182-c.
Male and female residents on a Guatemalan coffee plantation where Onchocerca volvulus infections were hyperendemic were offered oral ivermectin (100-200 micrograms/kg) as part of a community-wide treatment programme for onchocerciasis. Forty-five persons were treated and then questioned daily for 28 d about changes in their health. Those with complaints were monitored until all signs and symptoms had resolved. Sixty-seven percent complained of some adverse event after treatment; 60% developed observable adverse reactions attributed clinically to ivermectin. No reaction was life-threatening; the most common were oedema (53%) and fever (47%). Expulsion of intestinal helminths was reported by 38%. Almost all reactions began 24-48 h after treatment; their mean duration was 5 d, despite treatment with acetaminophen and antihistamines. Three patients had oedematous changes lasting over 2 weeks. Incidence, but not severity, of reactions was related to the pretreatment density of microfilariae in skin.
在危地马拉一个盘尾丝虫感染高度流行的咖啡种植园里，为男性和女性居民提供了口服伊维菌素（100 - 200微克/千克），作为社区范围盘尾丝虫病治疗项目的一部分。45人接受了治疗，然后在28天内每天询问他们的健康状况变化。有不适主诉的人接受监测，直到所有体征和症状都消失。67%的人在治疗后抱怨有一些不良事件；60%出现了临床上归因于伊维菌素的可观察到的不良反应。没有反应危及生命；最常见的是水肿（53%）和发热（47%）。38%的人报告肠道蠕虫被排出。几乎所有反应都在治疗后24 - 48小时开始；尽管使用了对乙酰氨基酚和抗组胺药，它们的平均持续时间为5天。3名患者的水肿变化持续超过2周。反应的发生率而非严重程度与皮肤中微丝蚴的治疗前密度有关。
