Maier Andrea, Fuchsjäger Michael
Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, Wachringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Eur J Radiol. 2003 Aug;47(2):89-97. doi: 10.1016/s0720-048x(03)00161-x.
Rectal cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasias, with an incidence of 40 in 100,000. For the effective use of new, differentiated treatment options, exact preoperative tumour staging is essential. The tumour stage determines whether radiation or chemotherapy should be used in addition to surgery. Endosonography allows exact differentiation of the rectal wall layers and thus of tumour stages 1-3 with median accuracy of 89%. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be employed in high and stenosing tumours and leads to an average accuracy of 85%. In recent studies, it has been shown that MRI is a valuable tool to identify the mesorectal fascia. This is a very important feature concerning the resectability and the risk of recurrence. Both, Endosonograpy and MRI plays an important and complimentary role in staging rectal cancer.
直肠癌是最常见的肿瘤之一，发病率为十万分之四十。为有效使用新的、有区别的治疗方案，精确的术前肿瘤分期至关重要。肿瘤分期决定了除手术外是否应使用放疗或化疗。腔内超声检查能准确区分直肠壁各层，从而对1 - 3期肿瘤进行分期，中位准确率为89%。磁共振成像（MRI）可用于高位和狭窄性肿瘤，平均准确率为85%。最近的研究表明，MRI是识别直肠系膜筋膜的重要工具。这对于可切除性和复发风险而言是非常重要的特征。腔内超声检查和MRI在直肠癌分期中都起着重要的互补作用。
