育儿特征与青少年吸烟的种族差异。

Ethnic variation in parenting characteristics and adolescent smoking.

作者信息

Shakib Sohaila, Mouttapa Michele, Johnson C Anderson, Ritt-Olson Anamara, Trinidad Dennis R, Gallaher Peggy E, Unger Jennifer B

机构信息

Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Alhambra, California, USA.

出版信息

J Adolesc Health. 2003 Aug;33(2):88-97. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00140-x.

DOI:10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00140-x

PMID:12890600

Abstract

PURPOSE

To examine ethnic variation in parenting characteristics and in associations among parenting characteristics and adolescent smoking, and to assess the strength of those associations separately by ethnic subgroup.

METHODS

Data were collected from a diverse sample (48.4% Hispanic/Latino, 22.9% Asian, 12.1% Non-Hispanic white, and 16.6% Multiethnic) of 1846 Southern California 6th-graders (mean age 11.3 years). Lifetime smoking and parenting characteristics (parental smoking status, adolescents' perceptions of parent-child communication, and parental monitoring) were assessed. Across ethnic groups, descriptive statistics for parenting and smoking variables were calculated and compared. Logistic regression analyses controlled for demographics (socioeconomic status, generation status, family structure, age, and gender) and interaction terms (parenting characteristics x ethnicity), and were also run separately by ethnicity.

RESULTS

Asian adolescents reported less parental monitoring than Latino/Hispanics and less parental communication than other ethnic subgroups. Odds ratios indicated parental monitoring (OR =.63; CI =.53-.74; p <.001) and parental communication (OR =.73; CI =.62-.86; p <.001) were protective whereas parental smoking (OR = 1.48; CI = 1.18-1.87; p <.01) was a risk factor for smoking. Relative to Latinos, parental monitoring (OR =.50; CI =.26-.95; p <.05) was more protective, and parental communication (OR = 2.44; CI = 1.15-5.17; p <.05) less protective for white adolescents. All parental characteristics were significantly associated with Latino/Hispanics smoking. Parental monitoring was significantly associated with Multiethnic and white smoking. No parenting characteristics were significant for Asians.

CONCLUSION

Ethnic differences in parenting characteristics and adolescent smoking should be considered when designing prevention curriculum. Future research should investigate the nature of parent-child communication among Asian immigrant populations.

摘要

目的

研究养育特征方面的种族差异，以及养育特征与青少年吸烟之间的关联，并按种族亚组分别评估这些关联的强度。

方法

从南加州1846名六年级学生（平均年龄11.3岁）的多样化样本（48.4%西班牙裔/拉丁裔、22.9%亚裔、12.1%非西班牙裔白人、16.6%多种族）中收集数据。评估终生吸烟情况和养育特征（父母吸烟状况、青少年对亲子沟通的认知以及父母监督）。在各个种族群体中，计算并比较养育和吸烟变量的描述性统计数据。进行逻辑回归分析，控制人口统计学因素（社会经济地位、代际状况、家庭结构、年龄和性别）以及交互项（养育特征×种族），并按种族分别进行分析。

结果

亚裔青少年报告的父母监督比拉丁裔/西班牙裔少，亲子沟通比其他种族亚组少。优势比表明，父母监督（OR = 0.63；CI = 0.53 - 0.74；p < 0.001）和亲子沟通（OR = 0.73；CI = 0.62 - 0.86；p < 0.001）具有保护作用，而父母吸烟（OR = 1.48；CI = 1.18 - 1.87；p < 0.01）是吸烟的危险因素。相对于拉丁裔，父母监督（OR = 0.50；CI = 0.26 - 0.95；p < 0.05）对白人青少年的保护作用更强，而亲子沟通（OR = 2.44；CI = 1.15 - 5.17；p < 0.05）的保护作用较弱。所有养育特征都与拉丁裔/西班牙裔吸烟显著相关。父母监督与多种族和白人吸烟显著相关。没有养育特征对亚裔有显著影响。