Chen Gang, Zhu Honglong, Zhang Yong
Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Res Microbiol. 2003 Jul-Aug;154(6):393-8. doi: 10.1016/S0923-2508(03)00082-2.
Soil microbial activity that reflects microbiological processes of soil microorganisms is the potential indicator of soil quality, as plants rely on soil microorganisms to mineralize organic nutrients for growth and development. Soil microorganisms also process plant litter and residues into soil organic matter, a direct and stable reservoir of carbon and nitrogen that consists of living and dead organic materials subject to rapid biological decomposition. In natural systems, the action of soil microorganisms is a major determinant of efficient nutrient cycling. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge on the fate of soil microorganisms in terms of carbon and nitrogen fixation.
反映土壤微生物学过程的土壤微生物活性是土壤质量的潜在指标，因为植物依靠土壤微生物将有机养分矿化以实现生长发育。土壤微生物还将植物凋落物和残体转化为土壤有机质，土壤有机质是碳和氮的直接且稳定的储存库，由易于快速生物分解的活的和死的有机物质组成。在自然系统中，土壤微生物的作用是有效养分循环的主要决定因素。本文就土壤微生物在碳固定和氮固定方面的归宿综述了当前的知识状况。
