Dittmar Michael, Spruss Thilo, Schuierer Gerhard, Horn Markus
Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Germany.
Stroke. 2003 Sep;34(9):2252-7. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000083625.54851.9A. Epub 2003 Jul 31.
Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by an intraluminal filament is a widely accepted animal model of focal cerebral ischemia. In this procedure, cutting of the external carotid artery (ECA) is a prerequisite for thread insertion. However, the implications of ECA transsection have not yet been described.
After 90 minutes of filament MCAO or sham surgery, rats were evaluated for up to 14 days in terms of body weight development, core temperature, and motor performance. Repeated in vivo MRI of the head and neck was performed for quantification of brain edema and infarct volume. The temporal muscles were histologically analyzed postmortem.
In 47% of all rats, ischemic tissue damage to the ipsilateral ECA area, including temporal, lingual, and pharyngeal musculature, was detectable by MRI. Histology of temporal muscles confirmed acute ischemic myopathy. Animals with ECA territory ischemia (ECA-I) showed delayed body weight development and poorer recovery of motor function. There was no difference in the extent of brain edema or final cerebral lesion size between ECA-I-affected and unaffected rats.
Filament MCAO was complicated by the consequences of ECA ischemia in approximately half of all rats. Impaired mastication and swallowing functions restricted ingestion and resulted in postsurgical body weight loss and worse motor performance. Impaired cerebral microperfusion resulting from dehydration and reduced spontaneous motor activity resulting from reduced food and water uptake might have contributed to poorer neurological recovery in ECA ischemic rats. Thus, adverse effects caused by extracerebral ischemia with potential impact on outcome have to be considered in this stroke model.
经腔内插入线栓造成大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAO）是一种广泛应用的局灶性脑缺血动物模型。在此操作中，切断颈外动脉（ECA）是插入线栓的前提条件。然而，ECA横断的影响尚未见报道。
在进行90分钟线栓MCAO或假手术后，对大鼠进行长达14天的体重增长、核心体温和运动功能评估。对头颈部进行重复的活体MRI检查以量化脑水肿和梗死体积。对颞肌进行死后组织学分析。
在所有大鼠中，47%的大鼠通过MRI可检测到同侧ECA区域的缺血性组织损伤，包括颞肌、舌肌和咽肌。颞肌组织学检查证实为急性缺血性肌病。患有ECA区域缺血（ECA-I）的动物体重增长延迟，运动功能恢复较差。ECA-I组和未受影响组大鼠在脑水肿程度或最终脑损伤大小方面没有差异。
在大约一半的大鼠中，线栓MCAO因ECA缺血的后果而变得复杂。咀嚼和吞咽功能受损限制了摄食，导致术后体重减轻和运动性能变差。脱水导致的脑微灌注受损以及食物和水摄入减少导致的自发运动活动减少，可能导致ECA缺血大鼠的神经功能恢复较差。因此，在这个中风模型中，必须考虑脑外缺血引起的可能影响结果的不良反应。
