Doppler assessment of left ventricular diastolic filling pattern during the convalescent stage of acute myocardial infarction. Effects of infarct size and coronary thrombolysis.

Pulsed Doppler echocardiography was used to study left ventricular diastolic filling pattern (LVDFP) over the convalescent stage of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 25 patients. Twelve normal subjects served as a control group. The patients were divided on the basis of enzymatically estimated infarct size into 2 groups: 7 as the large AMI group, and the other 18 as the small AMI group. Peak early diastolic filling velocity (E) and the ratio of E to peak filling velocity at atrial contraction (E/A ratio) were determined from the Doppler transmitral flow velocity recordings at 1 and 4 weeks after the onset of AMI. At 1 week E and E/A ratio were significantly lower in the small AMI group compared to the control and the large AMI groups, however, there was no significant difference in E and E/A ratio between the control and the large AMI groups. E/A increased with cumulative CK release among the patients (r = 0.54, p < 0.01). In the following 3 weeks E and E/A ratio decreased only in the large AMI group, and E and E/A ratio at 4 weeks weakly correlated with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r = 0.63, p < 0.01 and r = 0.65, p < 0.01) and ejection fraction (r = 0.50, p < 0.05 and r = 0.62, p < 0.01) among the patients. There was no significant difference in E or E/A ratio between patients with and without coronary thrombolysis. Thus, LVDFP in the early convalescent stage of AMI was characterized by low E and E/A ratio in patients with small AMI, however, a "pseudonormalized" pattern was observed in patients with large AMI. The effect of the infarct size on LVDFP diminished in the late convalescent stage of AMI. LVDFP in patients with AMI appears to be influenced by the infarct size and by the time of study. The effect of coronary thrombolysis on LVDFP was not evident throughout the convalescent stage of AMI in this study.