O'Kelly James, Koeffler H Phillip
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 2003;164:333-48.
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy of women in the Western world. Vitamin D compounds constitute a novel alternative to the conventional use of antiestrogens for chemoprevention and chemotherapy. The biologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], not only plays an essential role in the control of calcium homeostasis, but also acts on cells of a variety of tissues to promote inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of differentiation. The potential use of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the treatment of cancer is limited by its propensity to cause hypercalcemia at pharmacologically active doses. This has led to the synthesis of analogs of vitamin D that exhibit potent anticancer effects, but have low calcemic activity. Evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies has demonstrated that vitamin D compounds can inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells, suggesting their therapeutic value in the treatment or prevention of this disease.
乳腺癌是西方世界女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。维生素D化合物是传统抗雌激素用于化学预防和化疗的一种新的替代物。维生素D的生物活性形式，1,25-二羟基维生素D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]，不仅在钙稳态的控制中起重要作用，还作用于多种组织的细胞，以促进细胞增殖的抑制和分化的诱导。1,25(OH)2D3在癌症治疗中的潜在应用受到其在药理活性剂量下导致高钙血症倾向的限制。这促使了具有强抗癌作用但低血钙活性的维生素D类似物的合成。体外和体内研究的证据都表明，维生素D化合物可以抑制乳腺癌细胞的生长，表明它们在治疗或预防这种疾病方面的治疗价值。
