Sievers M, Vorlop K D, Hahne J, Schlieker M, Schäfer S
CUTEC-Institut GmbH (Clausthal Environment Technology Institute), Leibnizstr. 21+23, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
Water Sci Technol. 2003;47(11):173-80.
The overall energy consumption of domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) increases with treatment efficiency. Approximately 30 to 45 kWh per people equivalent and year is mostly necessary for advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal, while the aeration contains the main part of approximately 60%. A new process using encapsulated nitrifiers on gel lens beads is introduced to overcome the high energy consumption of aeration. A more selective nitrification process was found at a nitrification rate of between 50 and 60 mg nitrogen per hour and litre reaction volume corresponding to a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of about 30 to 60 minutes while the soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal could be less than 30% depending on operational conditions of the bio-reactor. The latter enables internal use of wastewater's COD for a post denitrification. For the new process the energy consumption as well as total volume of bio-reactor are much less (approximately 30 to 50% for both) than conventional processes due to the low sludge age for COD and nitrate removal and the avoidance of internal wastewater recycle. Therefore, self-sufficient energy operation of domestic WWTPs operating with advanced treatment efficiency could become possible, if energy recovery by anaerobic sludge digestion is included.
生活污水处理厂（WWTPs）的总体能源消耗随着处理效率的提高而增加。对于高级氮和磷去除，每人每年大约需要30至45千瓦时，其中曝气约占主要部分的60%。引入了一种在凝胶透镜珠上封装硝化菌的新工艺，以克服曝气的高能耗问题。在硝化速率为每小时每升反应体积50至60毫克氮的情况下，发现了一种更具选择性的硝化过程，这对应于约30至60分钟的水力停留时间（HRT），而根据生物反应器的运行条件，可溶性化学需氧量（COD）的去除率可能低于30%。后者使得废水的COD能够在内部用于后置反硝化。对于新工艺，由于去除COD和硝酸盐的污泥龄较短且避免了内部废水循环，其能源消耗以及生物反应器的总体积比传统工艺要少得多（两者均约少30%至50%）。因此，如果包括通过厌氧污泥消化进行能源回收，那么以高级处理效率运行的生活污水处理厂实现能源自给运行将成为可能。
