Isaac John T R
MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
Neuropharmacology. 2003 Sep;45(4):450-60. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00229-6.
In this review I discuss the evidence that some glutamatergic synapses exist that lack surface-expressed postsynaptic AMPA receptors (AMPARs) but contain NMDA receptors opposed to a functional release site. I have summarised the electrophysiological, anatomical and cell biological evidence for such postsynaptically silent synapses, and data that support the idea of rapid AMPAR insertion at silent synapses during long-term potentiation (LTP). I also discuss recent findings suggesting that developmental and activity-dependent alteration in the postsynaptic glutamate receptor composition is a general principle that occurs for other receptor subtypes. This review is not intended to provide a full discussion of possible presynaptic mechanisms for silent synapses; these are covered in the accompanying recent article [Voronin and Cherubini (this issue)].
在本综述中，我将探讨一些证据，即存在一些谷氨酸能突触，这些突触缺乏表面表达的突触后α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体（AMPARs），但含有与功能性释放位点相对的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体（NMDA受体）。我总结了此类突触后沉默突触的电生理、解剖学和细胞生物学证据，以及支持在长时程增强（LTP）期间沉默突触处快速插入AMPAR这一观点的数据。我还讨论了最近的研究结果，这些结果表明突触后谷氨酸受体组成的发育和活动依赖性改变是其他受体亚型也会出现的一个普遍原则。本综述并非旨在全面讨论沉默突触可能的突触前机制；这些内容在随附的近期文章[沃罗宁和凯鲁比尼（本期）]中有介绍。
