Brown L K, Diclemente R J, Park T
Department of Child Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903.
J Adolesc Health. 1992 Dec;13(8):651-7. doi: 10.1016/1054-139x(92)90058-j.
Unprotected sexual intercourse places a substantial number of adolescents at risk for sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. While the most effective means of preventing STD/HIV infection among sexually active adolescents is consistent condom use, little is known about the factors that influence their consistent use among adolescents. This study of adolescents (n = 1049, mean age = 16.2 years) found that of the 266 teens who recently became sexually active, only 29% reported using condoms consistently. Consistent condom use was more frequent in males, those with little history of risk behavior and those with stronger intentions to use condoms in the future. Fear and anxiety of HIV, attitudes about risks other than HIV, and other safe behavior intentions were not significantly related to consistent condom use. Although intentions and recent behavior were significantly related, a different group of factors was found to predict intention to use condoms (e.g., perception of condom use by friends, general impulsive attitudes). Identifying and understanding the factors that influence adolescent sexual behavior and intentions is important for developing maximally effective HIV education/prevention programs.
无保护性行为使大量青少年面临感染性传播疾病（STD）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险。虽然在性活跃的青少年中预防STD/HIV感染的最有效方法是持续使用避孕套，但对于影响他们在青少年中持续使用避孕套的因素知之甚少。这项针对青少年（n = 1049，平均年龄 = 16.2岁）的研究发现，在最近开始性活跃的266名青少年中，只有29%的人报告持续使用避孕套。男性、几乎没有风险行为史的人以及未来使用避孕套意愿更强的人更频繁地持续使用避孕套。对HIV的恐惧和焦虑、对HIV以外风险的态度以及其他安全行为意愿与持续使用避孕套没有显著关系。虽然意愿和近期行为显著相关，但发现另一组因素可预测使用避孕套的意愿（例如，对朋友使用避孕套的认知、一般冲动态度）。识别和理解影响青少年性行为和意愿的因素对于制定最有效的HIV教育/预防计划很重要。
