Forero R, Bauman A, Young L, Larkin P
Bradbury Community Health Centre, Australia.
J Adolesc Health. 1992 Dec;13(8):707-12. doi: 10.1016/1054-139x(92)90068-m.
Three population surveys of asthma, conducted as part of a community-based asthma education program in southwestern Sydney, Australia, illustrate the relationship between health behaviors and asthma morbidity. The first survey was carried out in five secondary schools (n = 2514, 52% participation rate); the second survey, in eight schools (n = 4550, 82% participation rate); and, the third survey was conducted among patients who attended 38 general practices in the region (n = 633 adolescents, 72% participation rate). The prevalence of diagnosed asthma in Australian adolescents across all three studies was 16.5% (95% CI, 15.7%-17.3%). Asthma prevalence declined in males, but increased in females from ages 12-15 years. It was noted that smoking prevalence was similar in asthmatic adolescents, compared with nonasthmatics, and that the adoption of smoking occurred at similar ages. Further, behavioral self-management of asthma was infrequent in this group, with low levels of preventive practice and preventive medication use. We present a conceptual model of the barriers to optimal asthma management among asthmatic adolescents. The results of these surveys have led to community-wide efforts to improve asthma management and decrease smoking prevalence among these adolescents.
作为澳大利亚悉尼西南部一项基于社区的哮喘教育项目的一部分，开展了三项哮喘人群调查，这些调查阐明了健康行为与哮喘发病率之间的关系。第一次调查在五所中学进行（n = 2514，参与率52%）；第二次调查在八所学校进行（n = 4550，参与率82%）；第三次调查在该地区38家普通诊所就诊的患者中开展（n = 633名青少年，参与率72%）。在所有三项研究中，澳大利亚青少年确诊哮喘的患病率为16.5%（95%CI，15.7%-17.3%）。哮喘患病率在男性中有所下降，但在12至15岁的女性中有所上升。值得注意的是，与非哮喘青少年相比，哮喘青少年的吸烟率相似，且开始吸烟的年龄相近。此外，该群体中哮喘的行为自我管理很少见，预防措施和预防性药物的使用水平较低。我们提出了一个关于哮喘青少年最佳哮喘管理障碍的概念模型。这些调查结果促使社区范围内做出努力，以改善哮喘管理并降低这些青少年中的吸烟率。
