Pickel Kerri L, French Tricia A, Betts Jessica M
Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA.
Memory. 2003 May;11(3):277-92. doi: 10.1080/09658210244000036.
To examine whether a weapon's presence impairs witnesses' memory for auditory information (as it impairs memory for visual information), we conducted two experiments in which undergraduates watched one version of a videotape depicting a male target who held either a weapon or a neutral object and conversed with a female character. The semantic content of his remarks was either easy or difficult to comprehend. The weapon's presence did not affect voice identification accuracy or memory for the target's vocal characteristics (e.g., pitch, loudness, speech rate) but did worsen memory for semantic content in the Difficult Comprehension condition. Our results can be explained by multiple resource models of attention, which propose separate resource "pools" for different sensory modalities.
为了检验武器的出现是否会损害证人对听觉信息的记忆（就像它会损害对视觉信息的记忆一样），我们进行了两项实验，让本科生观看一个录像带的不同版本，录像带中一名男性目标手持武器或中性物品，并与一名女性角色交谈。他言论的语义内容要么容易理解，要么难以理解。武器的出现并没有影响声音识别的准确性或对目标声音特征（如音高、响度、语速）的记忆，但在“难以理解”的条件下确实会使对语义内容的记忆变差。我们的结果可以用注意力的多种资源模型来解释，该模型为不同的感官模态提出了单独的资源“库”。
