Mensing Thomas, Fricke Hajo-H, Marek Wolfgang, Voss Bruno, Brüning Thomas, Wilhelm Michael
Research Institute for Occupational Medicine of the Institutions for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention (BGFA), Institute of the Ruhr University, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany.
AIHA J (Fairfax, Va). 2003 Jul-Aug;64(4):461-6. doi: 10.1202/326.1.
Cooling lubricants are used in the metal industry during drilling or turning. Vapors and aerosols of these lubricants are suspected to induce airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in exposed workers. In a previous study the authors demonstrated that water-soluble lubricants induce AHR after acute exposure of rabbits to concentrations near the German MAK value (10 mg/m(3)). In the present investigation the influence of a fatty alcohol as special non-water-soluble cooling lubricant was examined to determine its influence on airway responsiveness (AR). The effects of an aerosolized non-water-soluble lubricant (40, 90, and 220 mg/m(3)) on AR to acetylcholine in a rabbit model were studied. Lubricant atmosphere analysis was performed with infrared spectroscopy. Before exposure, after 2 and 4 hours of application, AR to aerosols from 0.2 and 2% acetylcholine was tested. Basal airway and cardiovascular parameters as well as blood gases did not change during exposure. Lubricant aerosol concentration of 40 and 220 mg/m(3) for 4 hours did not significantly alter AR. Inhalation of 90 mg/m(3) lubricant increased contractile response to ACH significantly. In contrast to formerly investigated water-soluble cooling lubricants, the examined non-water-soluble lubricant did not increase AR in concentrations near the MAK; however, in higher concentrations a significant (p<.05) increase was obtained.
在金属加工行业的钻孔或车削过程中会使用冷却润滑剂。这些润滑剂的蒸汽和气溶胶被怀疑会使接触的工人产生气道高反应性（AHR）。在之前的一项研究中，作者证明，兔子急性暴露于接近德国职业接触限值（MAK值，10毫克/立方米）的浓度下，水溶性润滑剂会诱发AHR。在本研究中，研究了一种脂肪醇作为特殊的非水溶性冷却润滑剂对气道反应性（AR）的影响。研究了雾化的非水溶性润滑剂（40、90和220毫克/立方米）对兔模型中乙酰胆碱诱发的AR的影响。用红外光谱法进行润滑剂气氛分析。在暴露前、应用2小时和4小时后，测试对0.2%和2%乙酰胆碱气雾剂的AR。暴露期间，基础气道和心血管参数以及血气没有变化。40和220毫克/立方米的润滑剂气雾剂浓度持续4小时不会显著改变AR。吸入90毫克/立方米的润滑剂会显著增加对乙酰胆碱的收缩反应。与之前研究的水溶性冷却润滑剂不同，所研究的非水溶性润滑剂在接近MAK的浓度下不会增加AR；然而，在较高浓度下会有显著（p<0.05）增加。
