Marek W, Mensing T, Fricke H, Baur X
Forschungsinstitut für Frühdiagnose und Therapie des Bronchialkarzinoms, Klinik für Pneumologie und respiratorische Allergologie, Augusta-Kranken-Anstalt, Bochum, Deutschland.
Respiration. 1998;65(2):143-50. doi: 10.1159/000029246.
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to water-soluble cooling lubricants (CL) induced by aerosol administered by tracheal tube was studied in a rabbit model of occupational lung disease. Two commercial CL were examined: the first was of the boric acid amine ester type without biozide (CL-BAE), the second was of the sulfonate type with biozide (CL-SB). 50, 5.0 or 0.5 mg/m3 CL was administered over a period of twice 2 h to six different groups of rabbits. Airway responsiveness (AR) to aerosols of 0.2% and 2.0% acetylcholine solution (ACH) was measured before and after each exposure to CL. A control group A of nine animals not exposed to CL showed no significant respiratory responses following inhalation of 0.2% ACH for 1 min. Conversely, inhalation of 2.0% ACH almost doubled the dynamic elastance (Edyn) in the ACH challenge test in this animal group. Airway resistance (RI), Edyn, slope of inspiratory pressure generation (delta Pes/tI), arterial pressure (Pa) and arterial blood gas tensions (PaO2, PaCO2) were not significantly altered during and after exposures to CL. However, after CL-BAE inhalation of 50 and 5 mg/m3 over 4 h, the amplitude of the ACH-induced airway obstruction indicated by the changes in Edyn rose significantly to almost five times the control response before exposure (group C, D, p < 0.005). Similar changes in RI and delta Pes/tI were obtained. After inhalation of 0.5 mg/m3 CL-BAE (group D), no significant changes in AR were observed. Similar to CL-BAE inhalation of 50 mg/m3, CL-SB caused enlarged AR in the ACH challenge test (group E), whereas no significant changes were found after exposure to 5.0 and 0.5 mg/m3 in groups F and G. In summary, CL aerosols with and without biozide in the range of 50 and 5 mg/m3 applied via tracheal tubes increased AR to ACH within 4 h of exposure in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. It has to be assumed that this augmented AR indicates an increased risk of developing lubricant-induced obstructive lung diseases.
在职业性肺病兔模型中，研究了气管插管给予的气溶胶诱导的气道对水溶性冷却润滑剂（CL）的高反应性（AHR）。检测了两种市售CL：第一种是无生物杀灭剂的硼酸胺酯型（CL-BAE），第二种是含生物杀灭剂的磺酸盐型（CL-SB）。以50、5.0或0.5 mg/m³的CL在两组2小时内给予六组不同的兔子。在每次接触CL之前和之后，测量气道对0.2%和2.0%乙酰胆碱溶液（ACH）气溶胶的反应性（AR）。未接触CL的9只动物组成的对照组A在吸入1分钟0.2% ACH后未显示出明显的呼吸反应。相反，在该动物组的ACH激发试验中，吸入2.0% ACH使动态弹性（Edyn）几乎增加了一倍。在接触CL期间和之后，气道阻力（RI）、Edyn、吸气压力产生斜率（delta Pes/tI）、动脉压（Pa）和动脉血气张力（PaO₂、PaCO₂）均无明显改变。然而，在4小时内吸入50和5 mg/m³的CL-BAE后，由Edyn变化指示的ACH诱导的气道阻塞幅度显著上升，几乎是接触前对照反应的五倍（C组、D组，p < 0.005）。RI和delta Pes/tI也有类似变化。吸入0.5 mg/m³的CL-BAE（D组）后，未观察到AR有显著变化。与吸入50 mg/m³的CL-BAE类似，CL-SB在ACH激发试验中导致AR增大（E组），而F组和G组在接触5.0和0.5 mg/m³后未发现显著变化。总之，通过气管插管应用的50和5 mg/m³范围内含和不含生物杀灭剂的CL气溶胶在接触4小时内以时间和浓度依赖的方式增加了对ACH的AR。必须假定这种增强的AR表明发生润滑剂诱导的阻塞性肺病的风险增加。
