Heude B, Lafay L, Borys J M, Thibult N, Lommez A, Romon M, Ducimetière P, Charles M A
Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 258, Villejuif Cedex, France.
Diabetes Metab. 2003 Jun;29(3):235-40. doi: 10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70032-0.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in height, weight and in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between 1992 and 2000 in children living in two towns of northern France.
Two cross-sectional studies were performed in every pre-school (last section) and primary schools of the two towns in 1992 (383 girls and 421 boys enrolled) and 2000 (296 girls and 305 boys). Children were 5 to 12 year old in both studies.
Body height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated (weight/height(2)). Prevalence of overweight and obesity was determined according to the gender- and age- specific cut-offs of the new international reference (IOTF). We also used the 90(th) and the 97(th) percentiles of the French reference gender- and age-specific BMI curves to define two grades of overweight.
After adjustment for age, boys were on average 1.5 cm taller in 2000 than in 1992 (p<0.001), and the same trend was observed in girls (+ 0.9 cm, p<0.075). Height-adjusted or age-adjusted weight and BMI were significantly higher in 2000 than in 1992. In girls, obesity defined by IOTF criteria increased from 1.6 to 4.4% (p<0.03) and overweight from 14.1 to 18.6% (p<0.11). In boys, the change in prevalences was significant only when the less stringent criteria (i.e. the 90(th) percentile of French references) was used (13.8% in 1992 vs 20% in 2000, p=0.03).
Over an 8 years period, there was an increase in height and BMI in both boys and girls. These results show that the increase in the prevalence of obesity is accompanied by a global trend of accelerated growth.
本研究旨在评估1992年至2000年间法国北部两个城镇儿童的身高、体重变化以及超重和肥胖患病率的变化情况。
1992年（共招募383名女孩和421名男孩）和2000年（共招募296名女孩和305名男孩）在两个城镇的每所幼儿园（最后一个班级）和小学进行了两项横断面研究。两项研究中的儿童年龄均为5至12岁。
测量身高和体重，并计算体重指数（BMI，体重/身高²）。根据新的国际参考标准（IOTF）中按性别和年龄划分的临界值确定超重和肥胖的患病率。我们还使用法国参考标准中按性别和年龄划分的BMI曲线的第90百分位数和第97百分位数来定义两个超重等级。
在对年龄进行调整后，2000年男孩的平均身高比1992年高1.5厘米（p<0.001），女孩也观察到相同趋势（高0.9厘米，p<0.075）。经身高调整或年龄调整后的体重和BMI在2000年显著高于1992年。根据IOTF标准定义的女孩肥胖率从1.6%增至4.4%（p<0.03），超重率从14.1%增至18.6%（p<0.11）。在男孩中，仅当使用不太严格的标准（即法国参考标准的第90百分位数）时，患病率变化才具有统计学意义（1992年为13.8%，2000年为20%，p=0.03）。
在8年时间里，男孩和女孩的身高和BMI均有所增加。这些结果表明，肥胖患病率的增加伴随着整体生长加速的趋势。
