van der Kruk J J, Kortekaas F, Lucas C, Jager-Wittenaar H
Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Professorship in Health Care and Nursing, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Obes Rev. 2013 Sep;14(9):745-60. doi: 10.1111/obr.12046. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
In Europe, about 20% of children are overweight. Focus on parental responsibility is an effective method in weight control interventions in children. In this systematic review we describe the intensity of parental involvement and behaviour change aimed at parents in long-term European childhood weight control interventions. We include European Union studies targeting parents in order to improve children's weight status in multi-component (parental, behaviour change and nutrition) health promotion or lifestyle interventions. The included studies have at least one objectively measured anthropometric outcome in the weight status of the child. Parental involvement was described and categorized based on the intensity of parental involvement and coded using a validated behaviour change taxonomy specific to childhood obesity. Twenty-four studies were analysed. In effective long-term treatment studies, medium and high intensity parental involvement were identified most frequently; whereas in prevention studies low intensity parental involvement was identified most frequently. Parenting skills, generic and specific to lifestyle behaviour, scored frequently in effective weight control interventions. To list parental skills in generic and specific to lifestyle, descriptions of the included studies were summarized. We conclude that intensity of parental involvement and behaviour change techniques are important issues in the effectiveness of long-term childhood weight control interventions.
在欧洲，约20%的儿童超重。关注父母责任是儿童体重控制干预措施中的一种有效方法。在这项系统评价中，我们描述了欧洲长期儿童体重控制干预措施中针对父母的父母参与强度和行为改变情况。我们纳入了针对父母的欧盟研究，这些研究旨在通过多方面（父母参与、行为改变和营养）的健康促进或生活方式干预来改善儿童的体重状况。纳入的研究至少有一项对儿童体重状况进行客观测量的人体测量学结果。根据父母参与强度对父母参与情况进行了描述和分类，并使用针对儿童肥胖的经过验证的行为改变分类法进行编码。对24项研究进行了分析。在有效的长期治疗研究中，最常发现的是中等强度和高强度的父母参与；而在预防研究中，最常发现的是低强度的父母参与。在有效的体重控制干预措施中，育儿技能（包括通用的和特定生活方式的）经常被提及。为了列出通用的和特定生活方式的父母技能，对纳入研究的描述进行了总结。我们得出结论，父母参与强度和行为改变技术是长期儿童体重控制干预措施有效性的重要问题。
