Kippelen P, Friemel F, Godard Ph
UPRES EA 701 Physiologie des Interactions , Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.
Rev Mal Respir. 2003 Jun;20(3 Pt 1):385-97.
Numerous recent studies have shown that the risk of developing asthma or exercise-induced asthma is increased in the athletic population, particularly in endurance-trained athletes at national and international level.
According to the literature, this could be explained by both hyperventilation during exercise and increased airway exposure to inhaled allergens, pollutants and/or cold dry air. However this form of asthma seems to differ from classical asthma.
In the future, the establishment of rigorous controls - via a detailed description of symptoms and documentation of objective measurements such as resting spirometry, bronchial hyperreactivity and reversibility - should allow early detection of respiratory problems in athletes and enable to provide an adequate treatment.
Although asthma and exercise-induced asthma are particularly common among athletes, if appropriately detected and treated, these disorders should not constitute a limiting factor in exercise performance.
最近的大量研究表明，运动员群体中患哮喘或运动诱发哮喘的风险增加，尤其是国家和国际水平的耐力训练运动员。
根据文献记载，这可能是由于运动期间的过度通气以及气道接触吸入性过敏原、污染物和/或寒冷干燥空气增加所致。然而，这种形式的哮喘似乎与经典哮喘有所不同。
未来，通过详细描述症状并记录客观测量结果（如静息肺量计、支气管高反应性和可逆性）来建立严格的控制措施，应能早期发现运动员的呼吸问题并提供适当治疗。
虽然哮喘和运动诱发哮喘在运动员中尤为常见，但如果能得到适当的检测和治疗，这些疾病不应成为运动表现的限制因素。
