Anyama Norbert, Adome R O
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Afr Health Sci. 2003 Aug;3(2):87-93.
The concept of pharmaceutical care is neither well developed nor adequately documented in Uganda.
This study is therefore an attempt to identify and quantify the various service components of community pharmacy practice in Kampala, Uganda's capital city.
Two pharmacies operating retail outlets were chosen out of about 110 in Kampala. The city itself is fairly small with a rather congested population. It is Uganda's economic hub with the greatest number of private sector health facilities and pharmacy outlets.
This study involved an 8-month observation period at the two pharmacies, combined with a data collection form to record demographic characteristics of respondents and parameters such as self-medication, pharmacy initiated therapy, prescription filling, patient/non-patient clients and treatment received.
567 observations were made. Missing data for parameters studied were omitted during analysis, thus yielding different totals for the various sets of variables. Just less than half of 564 respondents (44.3%), were females compared to males (55.7%). The study found that clients over the age of 12 years seeking pharmaceutical services were 8-fold (93.1%) more likely to be the very patients compared to children (OR = 8.3; 95% CI, 3.7-18.7). Slightly over thirty percent of respondents (32.3%) were third party patients. About fifteen percent (14.7%) of respondents came to fill prescriptions, 28.8% to receive pharmacy-initiated therapy and 56.5% came for self-medication with all drugs including antibiotics at 22.4%. Most clients (75.2%) received treatment. The availability of a drug at the pharmacy was found to be a significant predictor of whether treatment was received, with the client age acting as a confounding variable (OR = 59.7; 95% CI 25.9-137.6).
药学服务的概念在乌干达既未得到充分发展，也缺乏充分的文献记载。
因此，本研究旨在识别并量化乌干达首都坎帕拉社区药房实践的各种服务组成部分。
从坎帕拉约110家经营零售业务的药房中选取了两家。该市规模相当小，人口相当密集。它是乌干达的经济中心，拥有最多的私营部门医疗设施和药房网点。
本研究在这两家药房进行了为期8个月的观察期，并结合一份数据收集表，记录受访者的人口统计学特征以及诸如自我药疗、药房发起的治疗、处方调配、患者/非患者客户以及接受的治疗等参数。
共进行了567次观察。分析过程中省略了所研究参数的缺失数据，因此不同变量集的总数有所不同。在564名受访者中，女性（44.3%）略少于男性（55.7%）。研究发现，寻求药学服务的12岁以上客户成为实际患者的可能性是儿童的8倍（93.1%）（比值比=8.3；95%置信区间，3.7-18.7）。略超过30%的受访者（32.3%）是第三方患者。约15%（14.7%）的受访者前来调配处方，28.8%接受药房发起的治疗，56.5%前来自我药疗，其中使用包括抗生素在内的所有药物的比例为22.4%。大多数客户（75.2%）接受了治疗。研究发现药房有某种药物是是否接受治疗的重要预测因素，客户年龄作为一个混杂变量（比值比=59.7；95%置信区间25.9-137.6）。
