Doraiswamy P Murali
Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, and the Center for the Study of Aging, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3018, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2003 Sep;3(5):373-8. doi: 10.1007/s11910-003-0019-8.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an unknown etiology. Pathologic processes implicated in AD include b-amyloid-induced synaptic failure; tau hyperphosphorylation; inflammation; oxidative stress; abnormal neurotransmission involving acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine; and abnormalities in second messengers, protein kinases, and apoptosis. Although each of these pathways offers potential therapeutic targets, pharmacologic manipulation of the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor pathway, alone or in combination with cholinergic therapies, is emerging as the next promising strategy for the treatment of AD and vascular dementia.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种病因不明的进行性神经退行性疾病。与AD相关的病理过程包括β-淀粉样蛋白诱导的突触功能障碍；tau蛋白过度磷酸化；炎症；氧化应激；涉及乙酰胆碱、谷氨酸、去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺和多巴胺的异常神经传递；以及第二信使、蛋白激酶和细胞凋亡方面的异常。尽管这些途径中的每一个都提供了潜在的治疗靶点，但对谷氨酸能N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体途径进行药物调控，单独或与胆碱能疗法联合使用，正成为治疗AD和血管性痴呆的下一个有前景的策略。
