Lindau Manfred, Alvarez de Toledo Guillermo
School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Aug 18;1641(2-3):167-73. doi: 10.1016/s0167-4889(03)00085-5.
The secretory process requires many different steps and stages. Vesicles must be formed and transported to the target membrane. They must be tethered or docked at the appropriate sites and must be prepared for fusion (priming). As the last step, a fusion pore is formed and the contents are released. Release of neurotransmitter is an extremely rapid event leading to rise times of the postsynaptic response of less than 100 micro s. The release thus occurs during the initial formation of the exocytotic fusion pore. To understand the process of synaptic transmission, it is thus of outstanding importance to understand the molecular structure of the fusion pore, what are the properties of the initial fusion pore, how these properties affect the release process and what other factors may be limiting the kinetics of release. Here we review the techniques currently employed in fusion pore studies and discuss recent data and opinions on exocytotic fusion pore properties.
分泌过程需要许多不同的步骤和阶段。囊泡必须形成并运输到目标膜。它们必须在适当的位点拴系或对接，并必须为融合做好准备（引发）。作为最后一步，形成融合孔并释放内容物。神经递质的释放是一个极其迅速的事件，导致突触后反应的上升时间小于100微秒。因此，释放发生在胞吐融合孔的初始形成过程中。为了理解突触传递的过程，了解融合孔的分子结构、初始融合孔的性质、这些性质如何影响释放过程以及哪些其他因素可能限制释放动力学至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了目前在融合孔研究中使用的技术，并讨论了关于胞吐融合孔性质的最新数据和观点。
