Gross James J, John Oliver P
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305-2130, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;85(2):348-62. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348.
Five studies tested two general hypotheses: Individuals differ in their use of emotion regulation strategies such as reappraisal and suppression, and these individual differences have implications for affect, well-being, and social relationships. Study 1 presents new measures of the habitual use of reappraisal and suppression. Study 2 examines convergent and discriminant validity. Study 3 shows that reappraisers experience and express greater positive emotion and lesser negative emotion, whereas suppressors experience and express lesser positive emotion, yet experience greater negative emotion. Study 4 indicates that using reappraisal is associated with better interpersonal functioning, whereas using suppression is associated with worse interpersonal functioning. Study 5 shows that using reappraisal is related positively to well-being, whereas using suppression is related negatively.
个体在重新评价和抑制等情绪调节策略的使用上存在差异，且这些个体差异对情感、幸福感和社会关系有影响。研究1提出了重新评价和抑制习惯性使用的新测量方法。研究2检验了聚合效度和区分效度。研究3表明，采用重新评价的人体验和表达更多的积极情绪，更少的消极情绪，而采用抑制的人体验和表达更少的积极情绪，但体验到更多的消极情绪。研究4表明，使用重新评价与更好的人际功能相关，而使用抑制则与更差的人际功能相关。研究5表明，使用重新评价与幸福感呈正相关，而使用抑制与幸福感呈负相关。
