MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 Aug 15;52(32):761-4.
Aseptic or viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is associated with an estimated 26,000--42,000 hospitalizations each year in the United States. Enteroviruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis. Echovirus 9 (E9) and echovirus 30 (E30) have been associated frequently with outbreaks of aseptic meningitis. During March 2003, several state public health departments noted increased reports of aseptic meningitis and, as of August 7, seven states (Arizona, California, Georgia, Idaho, Oregon, South Carolina, and Texas) had reported outbreaks associated with either E9 or E30. This report summarizes the epidemiologic features of the aseptic meningitis outbreaks in five states (Arizona, California, Georgia, Idaho, and South Carolina) and provides an overview of enterovirus activity in the United States during January 1--August 7. Enteroviruses, E9 and E30 in particular, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persons with aseptic meningitis.
无菌性或病毒性脑膜炎是最常见的脑膜炎类型，在美国，每年估计有26,000 - 42,000例住院病例与之相关。肠道病毒是无菌性脑膜炎最常见的病因。埃可病毒9型（E9）和埃可病毒30型（E30）常与无菌性脑膜炎的暴发有关。2003年3月期间，几个州的公共卫生部门注意到无菌性脑膜炎报告病例有所增加，截至8月7日，有七个州（亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、佐治亚州、爱达荷州、俄勒冈州、南卡罗来纳州和得克萨斯州）报告了与E9或E30相关的暴发疫情。本报告总结了五个州（亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、佐治亚州、爱达荷州和南卡罗来纳州）无菌性脑膜炎暴发的流行病学特征，并概述了1月1日至8月7日期间美国肠道病毒的活动情况。在无菌性脑膜炎患者的鉴别诊断中，应特别考虑肠道病毒，尤其是E9和E30。
