Wang Ranghui, Lu Xinming, Song Yudong, Fan Zili, Ma Yingjie
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 Apr;14(4):520-4.
Ecological water demand has some characteristics. The ecological water demand that was used for protection of the green corridor in the lower reaches of Tarim River was chiefly water demand by natural vegetation below Daxihaizi reservoir, and it included gross restoration water amount of ground water level and gross stand water amount in all over the lower reaches of Tarim River. The gross restoration water amount of ground water level mainly included restoration water amount of ground water level and lateral discharge, as well as evaporation of the course. Based on the drainage target of Alagan in 2005, gross ecological water demand was the gross water amount of restoration ground water level between Daxihaizi and Alagan, which would be 13.20 x 10(8) m3. Meanwhile, the annual average water demand would be 2.64 x 10(8) m3. Because the drainage target and vegetation protection target would be all Taitema lake in 2010, the gross ecological water demand included not only the gross water amount of restoration ground water level between Alagan and Taitema lake, but also the ecological stand water amount between Daxihaizi and Taitema lake, which would be 18.32 x 10(8) m3. Meanwhile, the annual average water demand would be 3.66 x 10(8) m3. From the year 2010 to 2030, the gross ecological water demand would be consisted of two parts (the gross stand water amount between Daxihaizi and Alagan, and the water demand by increased vegetation of 18.67 x 10(4) hm2), and the total ecological water demand during the 20 years would be 139.00 x 10(8) m3. Meanwhile, the annual average water demand would be 6.95 x 10(8) m3.
生态需水量具有一些特点。塔里木河下游绿色走廊保护所使用的生态需水量主要是大西海子水库以下天然植被的需水量，它包括塔里木河下游全区地下水位的总恢复水量和总生态用水量。地下水位的总恢复水量主要包括地下水位恢复水量、侧向排泄量以及河道蒸发量。根据2005年阿拉干的排水目标，生态需水总量是大西海子与阿拉干之间地下水位恢复的总水量，为13.20×10⁸立方米。同时，年平均需水量为2.64×10⁸立方米。由于2010年排水目标和植被保护目标均为台特玛湖，生态需水总量不仅包括阿拉干与台特玛湖之间地下水位恢复的总水量，还包括大西海子与台特玛湖之间的生态用水量，为18.32×10⁸立方米。同时，年平均需水量为3.66×10⁸立方米。从2010年到2030年，生态需水总量将由两部分组成（大西海子与阿拉干之间的总生态用水量以及新增18.67×10⁴公顷植被的需水量），20年的总生态需水量为139.00×10⁸立方米。同时，年平均需水量为6.95×10⁸立方米。
