Huang Jinhua, Luo Shiming, Zeng Rensen
Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 May;14(5):819-22.
In recent years, the induced disease resistance of plant by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) has become a hot spot in chemo-ecological study and in biocontrol of plant disease. There were many reports indicating that AMF had antagonistic function to soilborne disease pathogen, or could suppress the growth of pathogen, and increase the resistance or tolerance of mycorrhizal plants to soilborne disease. In mycorrhizosphere, there are interactions among microbial community, in which, AMF could suppress the growth of pathogen and promote the growth of beneficial microbe. Thus, AMF may use as biocontrol fungi with other antagonism microbe. There were several hypotheses about the mechanisms of the increased resistance in mycorrhizal plants: (1) improvement of plant nutrient status; (2) competition; (3) changed roots morphology and structure; (4) changed microbial flora in rhizosphere; (5) induced resistance or systematic resistance in plant. After colonized by AMF, phenolic compounds accumulate in plant, and local defense response or systemic defense response occurs. It is necessary to do intensive research on the mechanisms of increased resistance in mycorrhizal plants, because it may help us understand the function of disease resistance of mycorrhiza correctly, and let us use AMF as a new biocontrol method to control soilborne disease in eco-agriculture in the near future.
近年来，丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）诱导植物产生抗病性已成为化学生态学研究和植物病害生物防治领域的热点。有许多报道表明，AMF对土传病害病原菌具有拮抗作用，或能抑制病原菌生长，并提高菌根植物对土传病害的抗性或耐受性。在菌根际，微生物群落之间存在相互作用，其中AMF能抑制病原菌生长并促进有益微生物生长。因此，AMF可与其他拮抗微生物一起用作生物防治真菌。关于菌根植物抗性增强的机制有几种假说：（1）改善植物营养状况；（2）竞争；（3）改变根系形态和结构；（4）改变根际微生物区系；（5）诱导植物产生抗性或系统抗性。AMF定殖于植物后，酚类化合物在植物体内积累，并发生局部防御反应或系统防御反应。有必要深入研究菌根植物抗性增强的机制，因为这可能有助于我们正确理解菌根的抗病功能，并使我们在不久的将来将AMF作为一种新的生物防治方法用于生态农业中土传病害的防治。
