Singh O V, Jain R K
Sector-39A, Institute of Microbial Technology, 160036 Chandigarh, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2003 Dec;63(2):128-35. doi: 10.1007/s00253-003-1425-1. Epub 2003 Aug 19.
The enormous growth of industrialization, and the use of numerous aromatic compounds in dyestuffs, explosives, pesticides and pharmaceuticals has resulted in serious environmental pollution and has attracted considerable attention continuously over the last two decades. Many aromatic hydrocarbons, nitroaromatic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, diauxins and their derivatives are highly toxic, mutagenic and/or carcinogenic to natural microflora as well as to higher systems including humans. The increasing costs and limited efficiency of traditional physicochemical treatments of soil have spurred the development of new remediation technologies. Phytoremediation is emerging as an efficient treatment technology that uses plants to bioremediate pollutants from soil environments. Various modern tools and analytical devices have provided insight into the selection and optimization of remediation processes by various plant species. Sites heavily polluted with organic contaminants require hyperaccumulators, which could be developed by genetic engineering approaches. However, efficient hyperaccumulation by naturally occurring plants is also feasible and can be made practical by improving their nutritional and environmental requirements. Thus, phytoremediation of organics appears a very promising technology for the removal of contaminants from polluted soil. In this review, certain aspects of plant metabolism associated with phytoremediation of organic contaminants and their relevant phytoremediation efforts are discussed.
工业化的巨大发展以及在染料、炸药、农药和药品中使用大量芳香族化合物，导致了严重的环境污染，并在过去二十年中持续引起了相当大的关注。许多芳香烃、硝基芳香族化合物、多环芳烃、多氯联苯、二噁英及其衍生物对天然微生物群落以及包括人类在内的高等生物系统具有高毒性、致突变性和/或致癌性。传统土壤物理化学处理成本的增加和效率的有限性，促使了新修复技术的发展。植物修复作为一种利用植物对土壤环境中的污染物进行生物修复的有效处理技术正在兴起。各种现代工具和分析设备为各种植物物种修复过程的选择和优化提供了深入了解。被有机污染物严重污染的场地需要超富集植物，这可以通过基因工程方法来培育。然而，天然植物的高效超富集也是可行的，并且可以通过改善它们的营养和环境需求使其变得切实可行。因此，植物修复有机污染物似乎是一种从污染土壤中去除污染物的非常有前景的技术。在这篇综述中，讨论了与有机污染物植物修复相关的植物代谢的某些方面及其相关的植物修复工作。
