Singh O V, Labana S, Pandey G, Budhiraja R, Jain R K
Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, 160036 Chandigarh, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2003 Jun;61(5-6):405-12. doi: 10.1007/s00253-003-1244-4. Epub 2003 Feb 26.
In recent years, phytoremediation has emerged as a promising ecoremediation technology, particularly for soil and water cleanup of large volumes of contaminated sites. The exploitation of plants to remediate soils contaminated with trace elements could provide a cheap and sustainable technology for bioremediation. Many modern tools and analytical devices have provided insight into the selection and optimization of the remediation process by plant species. This review describes certain factors for the phytoremediation of metal ion decontamination and various aspects of plant metabolism during metallic decontamination. Metal-hyperaccumulating plants, desirable for heavily polluted environments, can be developed by the introduction of novel traits into high biomass plants in a transgenic approach, which is a promising strategy for the development of effective phytoremediation technology. The genetic manipulation of a phytoremediator plant needs a number of optimization processes, including mobilization of trace elements/metal ions, their uptake into the root, stem and other viable parts of the plant and their detoxification and allocation within the plant. This upcoming science is expanding as technology continues to offer new, low-cost remediation options.
近年来，植物修复已成为一种很有前景的生态修复技术，尤其适用于对大量受污染场地的土壤和水体进行清理。利用植物修复受微量元素污染的土壤可为生物修复提供一种廉价且可持续的技术。许多现代工具和分析设备为植物物种修复过程的选择和优化提供了深入见解。本综述描述了金属离子去污植物修复的某些因素以及金属去污过程中植物代谢的各个方面。对于污染严重的环境而言，可通过转基因方法将新性状导入高生物量植物中，从而培育出金属超积累植物，这是开发有效植物修复技术的一种很有前景的策略。对植物修复植物进行基因操作需要多个优化过程，包括微量元素/金属离子的活化、它们被植物根系、茎干及其他活性部位吸收，以及它们在植物体内的解毒和分配。随着技术不断提供新的低成本修复方案，这一新兴科学正在不断发展。
