Vinson Joe A, Mandarano Michael, Hirst Maurice, Trevithick John R, Bose Pratima
Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510-4626, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Aug 27;51(18):5528-33. doi: 10.1021/jf034189k.
The free phenols have been measured in 15 lagers, 6 porters and ales, and 11 light and nonalcoholic beers. Phenols were measured colorimetrically using an oxidation-reduction reaction with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and catechin as the standard. The order of phenol concentration was ales > lagers > low calorie > nonalcoholic. The quality of antioxidants of the major phenols in beers and the quality of beer antioxidants were measured by (1) dose-response inhibition of lower density lipoprotein oxidation and (2) concentration of phenols in the beers at which 50% of the peroxide was destroyed in a luminescent assay for antioxidant activity. The beers' lipoprotein antioxidant quality was clearly superior to that of vitamin antioxidants and to that of the phenol ingredients, suggesting synergism among the antioxidants in the mixture. The average per capita consumption of beer in the United States in 2000 was 225 mL/day, equivalent to 42 mg/day of catechin equivalents. Beer provides more antioxidants per day than wine in the U.S. diet. A dark beer and a lager beer were given at two concentrations to cholesterol-fed hamsters, an animal model of atherosclerosis. At the high dose ((1)/(2)-diluted beer) both lager and dark beer significantly inhibited atherosclerosis compared to a control of 2% alcohol. At the high dose, lager significantly decreased cholesterol and triglycerides, and both beers acted as in vivo antioxidants by decreasing the oxidizability of lower density lipoproteins. At the low dose ((1)/(10)-diluted beer) only the lager beer significantly decreased atherosclerosis compared to the 0.4% alcohol control. The polyphenols in the beers appear to be responsible for the benefits of beer in this model. Lager beer inhibited atherosclerosis at a human equivalent dose in this hamster model of atherosclerosis.
已对15种贮藏啤酒、6种波特啤酒和麦芽啤酒以及11种低度和无酒精啤酒中的游离酚进行了测定。酚类物质采用氧化还原反应，以福林 - 西奥尔特试剂和儿茶素作为标准品，通过比色法进行测定。酚类浓度顺序为：麦芽啤酒＞贮藏啤酒＞低热量啤酒＞无酒精啤酒。通过以下两种方法测定了啤酒中主要酚类物质的抗氧化剂质量以及啤酒抗氧化剂的质量：（1）低密度脂蛋白氧化的剂量反应抑制；（2）在发光抗氧化活性测定中，使50%的过氧化物被破坏时啤酒中酚类物质的浓度。啤酒的脂蛋白抗氧化质量明显优于维生素抗氧化剂和酚类成分，表明混合物中的抗氧化剂之间存在协同作用。2000年美国人均啤酒消费量为225毫升/天，相当于42毫克/天的儿茶素当量。在美国饮食中，啤酒每天提供的抗氧化剂比葡萄酒更多。将一种黑啤酒和一种贮藏啤酒以两种浓度给予喂食胆固醇的仓鼠，这是一种动脉粥样硬化动物模型。在高剂量（（1/2）稀释啤酒）下，与2%酒精对照组相比，贮藏啤酒和黑啤酒均显著抑制动脉粥样硬化。在高剂量下，贮藏啤酒显著降低胆固醇和甘油三酯，两种啤酒都通过降低低密度脂蛋白的氧化能力起到体内抗氧化剂的作用。在低剂量（（1/10）稀释啤酒）下，与0.
