Pockley A Graham
Immunobiology Research Group, Division of Clinical Sciences (North), Clinical Sciences Centre, University of Sheffield, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, S5 7AU, Sheffield, UK.
Lancet. 2003 Aug 9;362(9382):469-76. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14075-5.
Until recently, heat shock proteins (also known as heat stress proteins) have mostly been regarded as intracellular molecules that mediate a range of essential housekeeping and cytoprotective functions. However, interest in their role as intercellular signalling molecules has been fuelled by the observations that these molecules can be released and are present in the extracellular environment under physiological conditions. They can elicit cytokine production by, and adhesion molecule expression of, a range of cell types, and they can deliver maturation signals and peptides to antigen presenting cells through receptor-mediated interactions. These functions suggest that heat shock proteins could be immunoregulatory agents with potent and widely-applicable therapeutic uses. Furthermore, the induction of self heat shock protein immune reactivity can attenuate autoimmunity and delay transplant rejection, and heat shock proteins derived from tumours and pathogens can elicit specific, protective immunity. This review will focus on this rapidly evolving area of heat shock protein biology.
直到最近，热休克蛋白（也称为热应激蛋白）大多被视为介导一系列基本的管家和细胞保护功能的细胞内分子。然而，这些分子在生理条件下可被释放并存在于细胞外环境中的观察结果，激发了人们对其作为细胞间信号分子作用的兴趣。它们可引发多种细胞类型产生细胞因子并表达黏附分子，还可通过受体介导的相互作用将成熟信号和肽传递给抗原呈递细胞。这些功能表明热休克蛋白可能是具有强大且广泛适用治疗用途的免疫调节因子。此外，自身热休克蛋白免疫反应性的诱导可减轻自身免疫并延迟移植排斥，而源自肿瘤和病原体的热休克蛋白可引发特异性的保护性免疫。本综述将聚焦于热休克蛋白生物学这一快速发展的领域。
