Horwood A
Orthoptic Department, Royal Berkshire Hospital, London, UK.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2003 Sep;87(9):1146-50. doi: 10.1136/bjo.87.9.1146.
214 orthoptists' infants have been followed for up to 15 years, relating neonatal misalignment (NMs) behaviour to onset of convergence and 20 Delta base out prism response, and also to later childhood ocular abnormalities.
In a prospective postal survey, orthoptist mothers observed their own infants during the first months of life and regularly reported ocular behaviour and alignment, visual development, and any subsequent ocular abnormalities.
Results confirm previously reported characteristics of NMs. Infants who were misaligned more frequently were misaligned for longer periods (p <0.01) and were later to achieve constant alignment (p <0.001) but were earlier to attempt first convergence (p = 0.03). Maximum NM frequency was usually found at or before the onset of first convergence (p = 0.0002).
NMs occur in the first 2 months of life and usually reflect a normally developing vergence system. They appear to represent early attempts at convergence to near targets. Emerging infantile esotropia is indistinguishable from frequent NMs before 2 months.
对214名视光师的婴儿进行了长达15年的随访，将新生儿眼位偏斜（NMs）行为与辐辏开始及20棱镜底向外反应相关联，还与儿童后期眼部异常相关联。
在一项前瞻性邮寄调查中，视光师母亲们在婴儿出生后的头几个月观察自己的婴儿，并定期报告眼部行为和眼位、视觉发育以及任何随后的眼部异常情况。
结果证实了先前报道的NMs特征。眼位偏斜更频繁的婴儿，其眼位偏斜的持续时间更长（p<0.01），实现持续眼位正位的时间更晚（p<0.001），但首次尝试辐辏的时间更早（p = 0.03）。最大NMs频率通常在首次辐辏开始时或之前出现（p = 0.0002）。
NMs出现在出生后的头2个月，通常反映了正常发育的聚散系统。它们似乎代表了对近目标的早期辐辏尝试。在2个月之前，新出现的婴儿内斜视与频繁的NMs无法区分。
