Pasman J W, Rotteveel J J, de Graaf R, Stegeman D F, Visco Y M
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Early Hum Dev. 1992 Dec;31(2):113-29. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(92)90039-j.
Recent studies on the maturation of auditory brainstem evoked responses (ABRs) present conflicting results, whereas only sparse reports exist with respect to the maturation of middle latency auditory evoked responses (MLRs) and auditory cortical evoked responses (ACRs). The present study reports the effect of preterm birth on the maturation of auditory evoked responses in low risk preterm infants (27-34 weeks conceptional age). The ABRs indicate a consistent trend towards longer latencies for all individual ABR components and towards longer interpeak latencies in preterm infants. The MLR shows longer latencies for early component P0 in preterm infants. The ACRs show a remarkable difference between preterm and term infants. At 40 weeks CA the latencies of ACR components Na and P2 are significantly longer in term infants, whereas at 52 weeks CA the latencies of the same ACR components are shorter in term infants. The results support the hypothesis that retarded myelination of the central auditory pathway is partially responsible for differences found between preterm infants and term infants with respect to late ABR components and early MLR component P0. Furthermore, mild conductive hearing loss in preterm infants may also play its role. A more complex mechanism is implicated to account for the findings noted with respect to MLR component Na and ACR components Na and P2.
近期关于听觉脑干诱发电位（ABR）成熟度的研究结果相互矛盾，而关于中潜伏期听觉诱发电位（MLR）和听觉皮层诱发电位（ACR）成熟度的报告则较为稀少。本研究报告了早产对低风险早产儿（孕龄27 - 34周）听觉诱发电位成熟度的影响。ABR显示，所有个体ABR成分的潜伏期均有一致的延长趋势，早产儿的峰间潜伏期也更长。MLR显示早产儿早期成分P0的潜伏期更长。ACR显示早产儿和足月儿之间存在显著差异。在孕龄40周时，足月儿ACR成分Na和P2的潜伏期明显更长，而在孕龄52周时，足月儿相同ACR成分的潜伏期更短。这些结果支持了以下假设：中枢听觉通路髓鞘形成迟缓部分导致了早产儿和足月儿在晚期ABR成分和早期MLR成分P0方面的差异。此外，早产儿轻度传导性听力损失也可能起作用。对于MLR成分Na以及ACR成分Na和P2的研究结果，涉及到更复杂的机制。
