Bub Daniel N, Masson Michael E J, Bukach Cindy M
University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Psychol Sci. 2003 Sep;14(5):467-72. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.02455.
Studies using functional imaging show reliable activation of premotor cortex when observers view manipulable objects. This result has led to the view that knowledge of object function, particularly the actions associated with the typical use of objects, may play a causal role in object identification. To obtain relevant evidence regarding this causal role, we asked subjects to learn gesture-color associations and then attempt to identify objects presented in colors denoting functional gestures that were congruent or incongruent with the objects' use. A strong congruency effect was observed when subjects gestured the use of an object, but not when they named an object. We conclude that our procedure constitutes a sensitive measure of the recruitment and causal role of functional knowledge and that this recruitment is not present during object naming. Preliminary evidence, however, indicates that gestures evoked by the volumetric shape of an object do contribute to object naming.
使用功能成像的研究表明，当观察者观看可操纵物体时，运动前区皮层会可靠地激活。这一结果导致了这样一种观点，即物体功能的知识，特别是与物体典型用途相关的动作，可能在物体识别中起因果作用。为了获得关于这一因果作用的相关证据，我们要求受试者学习手势 - 颜色关联，然后尝试识别以表示与物体用途一致或不一致的功能手势的颜色呈现的物体。当受试者做出物体使用的手势时，观察到了强烈的一致性效应，但当他们说出物体名称时则没有。我们得出结论，我们的程序构成了对功能知识的调用及其因果作用的灵敏测量，并且这种调用在物体命名过程中不存在。然而，初步证据表明，由物体的体积形状引发的手势确实有助于物体命名。
