Jürimäe T, Jagomägi G, Lepp T
Department of Sports Biology, Tartu University, Estonia.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1992 Dec;32(4):387-93.
The body composition of 124 male and 70 female Tartu University students was measured by three different methods: hydrostatic weighing by maximal expiration, hydrostatic weighing by maximal inspiration and subcutaneous fat thickness measurements. Our results show that the proposed body density measuring method by maximal expiration is simple, reliable and applicable not only in indoor swimming pools but in field conditions as well. The second new hydrostatic weighing apparatus is more comfortable for the subjects where the body density is measured at maximal inspiration. The mean body density of males was somewhat higher when measured by the maximal inspiration (1.066 +/- 0.012 g.ml-1) than when measured by the maximal expiration (1.063 +/- 0.009 g.ml-1, p < 0.05). For females, on the contrary, the maximal expiration method (1.044 +/- 0.010 g.ml-1) yielded a higher body density value than when measured by the maximal inspiration (1.040 +/- 0.011 g.ml-1, p > 0.05). The body fat percentage measured by skinfold thickness correlated significantly with the body fat percentage calculated by body density by maximal expiration (males r = 0.420, females r = 0.531) and inspiration (males r = 0.507, females r = 0.663). We must conclude that the presented two methods of measuring body density offer new possibilities for densitometric analysis without the need for expensive laboratory equipment.
采用三种不同方法测量了124名塔尔图大学男生和70名女生的身体成分：最大呼气后水下称重、最大吸气后水下称重和皮下脂肪厚度测量。我们的结果表明，所提出的最大呼气后身体密度测量方法简单、可靠，不仅适用于室内游泳池，也适用于野外条件。第二种新型水下称重设备在最大吸气时测量身体密度，对受试者来说更舒适。男性最大吸气时测量的平均身体密度（1.066±0.012 g/ml-1）略高于最大呼气时测量的平均身体密度（1.063±0.009 g/ml-1，p<0.05）。相反，对于女性，最大呼气法（1.044±0.010 g/ml-1）得出的身体密度值高于最大吸气时测量的值（1.040±0.011 g/ml-1，p>0.05）。通过皮褶厚度测量的体脂百分比与通过最大呼气（男性r=0.420，女性r=0.531）和吸气（男性r=0.507，女性r=0.663）时身体密度计算出的体脂百分比显著相关。我们必须得出结论，所介绍的两种身体密度测量方法为密度分析提供了新的可能性，无需昂贵的实验室设备。
