Suter E, Marti B
Department of Hygiene and Applied Physiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1992 Dec;32(4):400-11.
To study the effect of long-term, self-monitored exercise on physical fitness and serum lipid levels of middle-aged, nonsmoking females, a controlled study was conducted in 33 sedentary Swiss women. Seventeen women were randomly allocated to jog 2h/wk for 4 months on an individually prescribed and heart rate controlled base, whereas 16 women served as controls. Although leisure-time physical activity increased significantly in exercisers compared to controls, the average running distance of 10.9 km/wk was somewhat less than expected. The "net decrease" (4-month change in exercisers minus 4-month change in controls) in the sum of four skin-folds was -4.85 mm (p < 0.05). Four-month changes in serum lipids were generally small and nonsignificant. For example, the net decrease in total triglycerides was -0.2 mmol/l (p = 0.13). Correlational analyses revealed significant associations between changes in the waist-hip ratio and changes in total cholesterol (total-C) or the HDL/total-C ratio (r = 0.44, p < 0.01 and r = -0.29, p < 0.05, respectively). An increase in endurance capacity was associated with an increase in the HDL2-subfraction and in the ratio of HDL/total-C (r = 0.46, p < 0.05 and r = 0.52, p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analyses confirmed a change in endurance capacity as the statistically strongest positive predictor of changes in HDL, HDL2 and the HDL/total-C ratio. However, women who used oral contraceptives did not show any favourable lipid changes despite a considerable improvement in endurance capacity. The present training study in healthy, habitually sedentary middle-aged women was not able to show the same beneficial changes in serum HDL concentration as seen in male counterparts, when analyzed according to the principle of intention-to-treat. Exploratory analyses revealed that a too low jogging activity as well as a confounding effect of oral contraceptive use may partially account for the lack of significant changes in serum lipid levels after training.
为研究长期自我监测运动对中年不吸烟女性体能和血脂水平的影响，对33名久坐不动的瑞士女性进行了一项对照研究。17名女性被随机分配，在个体规定和心率控制的基础上，每周慢跑2小时，持续4个月，而16名女性作为对照。尽管与对照组相比，运动组的休闲时间身体活动显著增加，但每周平均跑步距离10.9公里略低于预期。四个皮肤褶厚度总和的“净减少”（运动组4个月变化减去对照组4个月变化）为-4.85毫米（p<0.05）。血清脂质的4个月变化一般较小且无统计学意义。例如，总甘油三酯的净减少为-0.2毫摩尔/升（p = 0.13）。相关性分析显示，腰臀比变化与总胆固醇（总胆固醇）或高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇比值变化之间存在显著关联（r = 0.44，p<0.01和r = -0.29，p<0.05）。耐力能力的提高与高密度脂蛋白2亚组分以及高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇比值的增加相关（r = 0.46，p<0.05和r = 0.52，p<0.01）。多变量线性回归分析证实，耐力能力的变化是高密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白2和高密度脂蛋白/总胆固醇比值变化的统计学上最强的正向预测因子。然而，使用口服避孕药的女性尽管耐力能力有相当大的改善，但并未显示出任何有利的脂质变化。根据意向性分析原则，目前对健康、习惯久坐的中年女性进行的训练研究未能显示出血清高密度脂蛋白浓度与男性相同的有益变化。探索性分析显示，慢跑活动过低以及口服避孕药的混杂效应可能部分解释了训练后血清脂质水平缺乏显著变化的原因。
