Marti B, Suter E, Riesen W F, Tschopp A, Wanner H U, Gutzwiller F
Department of Hygiene and Applied Physiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.
Atherosclerosis. 1990 Feb;81(1):19-31. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(90)90055-n.
To study the effects of long-term, self-monitored exercise on the serum lipid profile and body composition of middle-aged non-smoking males, a controlled study was conducted in 61 sedentary, middle-class Swiss men. Thirty-nine men were randomly allocated to jog 2 h/wk for 4 months on an individually prescribed, heart rate-controlled basis, whereas 22 men served as controls. Despite varying adherence to the exercise regimen, the following 4-month net changes (effect in exercise group minus effect in control group) in lipids were seen: HDL cholesterol (C) +0.12 mmol/l (95% CI 0.02, 0.22; P = 0.028), LDL-C +0.08 mmol/l (ns), VLDL-C -0.26 mmol/l (-0.45, -0.07; P = 0.009), total triglycerides (TT) -0.21 mmol/l (ns), HDL-C/total C +0.02 (0.001, 0.05; P = 0.047). The net changes in endurance capacity and resting heart rate in favour of exercisers were significant as well, whereas no significant changes in apolipoprotein levels were seen. Exploratory analyses revealed, for example, associations of the increase in total physical activity with an increase in the HDL-C/total C ratio (r = 0.46; P less than 0.001), and of the change in estimated body fat content with an opposed change in the HDL-C/total C ratio (r = -0.40; P less than 0.001), or an inverse relationship of the change in subcutaneous fat with a change in the HDL2-C level (r = -0.39; P less than 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis suggested that much of the effect of jogging on HDL-C was apparently mediated through a decrease in body fat content. A change in the waist/hip ratio was unrelated to lipoprotein changes but was related to the change of TT level (r = 0.22; P less than 0.05). This study confirms that individually prescribed, unsupervised jogging can increase HDL-C levels and improve the serum lipoprotein profile in self-selected nonsmoking males. Although the effect is modest, it may be relevant to preventive cardiology, given the evidence for a reduction in cardiovascular risk even after apparently small decreases in risk factor levels.
为研究长期自我监测运动对中年不吸烟男性血清脂质谱和身体成分的影响，对61名久坐不动的瑞士中产阶级男性进行了一项对照研究。39名男性被随机分配，在个人规定的心率控制基础上，每周慢跑2小时，持续4个月，而22名男性作为对照组。尽管对运动方案的依从性各不相同，但在脂质方面观察到了以下4个月的净变化（运动组的效果减去对照组的效果）：高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）升高0.12毫摩尔/升（95%可信区间0.02，0.22；P = 0.028），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）升高0.08毫摩尔/升（无统计学意义），极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）降低0.26毫摩尔/升（-0.45，-0.07；P = 0.009），总甘油三酯（TT）降低0.21毫摩尔/升（无统计学意义），HDL-C/总胆固醇升高0.02（0.001，0.05；P = 0.047）。耐力能力和静息心率的净变化对运动者也有显著益处，而载脂蛋白水平未见显著变化。探索性分析显示，例如，总身体活动量的增加与HDL-C/总胆固醇比值的增加相关（r = 0.46；P小于0.001），估计体脂含量的变化与HDL-C/总胆固醇比值的相反变化相关（r = -0.40；P小于0.001），或者皮下脂肪的变化与HDL2-C水平的变化呈负相关（r = -0.39；P小于0.001）。多变量回归分析表明，慢跑对HDL-C的大部分影响显然是通过体脂含量的降低介导的。腰臀比的变化与脂蛋白变化无关，但与TT水平的变化相关（r = 0.22；P小于0.05）。本研究证实，个人规定的、无监督的慢跑可以提高HDL-C水平，并改善自我选择的不吸烟男性的血清脂蛋白谱。尽管效果不大，但鉴于即使危险因素水平有明显小幅下降也能降低心血管风险的证据，这可能与预防心脏病学相关。
