Burstyn Igor, Boffetta Paolo, Heederik Dick, Partanen Timo, Kromhout Hans, Svane Ole, Langård Sverre, Frentzel-Beyme Rainer, Kauppinen Timo, Stücker Isabelle, Shaham Judith, Ahrens Wolfgang, Cenée Sylvie, Ferro Gilles, Heikkilä Pirjo, Hooiveld Mariëtte, Johansen Christoffer, Randem Britt G, Schill Walter
Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Sep 1;158(5):468-78. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwg180.
Work in the asphalt industry has been associated with nonmalignant respiratory morbidity and mortality, but the evidence is not consistent. A historical cohort of asphalt workers included 58,862 men (911,209 person-years) first employed between 1913 and 1999 in companies applying and mixing asphalt in Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, and Norway. The relations between mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases (including the obstructive lung diseases: chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma) and specific chemical agents and mixtures were evaluated using a study-specific exposure matrix. Mortality from obstructive lung diseases was associated with the estimated cumulative and average exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and coal tar (p values of the test for linear trend = 0.06 and 0.01, respectively). The positive association between bitumen fume exposure and mortality from obstructive lung diseases was weak and not statistically significant; confounding by simultaneous exposure to coal tar could not be excluded. The authors lacked data on smoking and full occupational histories. In conclusion, exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, originating from coal tar and possibly from bitumen fume, may have contributed to mortality from obstructive lung diseases among asphalt workers, but confounding and bias cannot be ruled out as an explanation for the observed associations.
沥青行业的工作与非恶性呼吸道疾病的发病和死亡有关，但证据并不一致。一项针对沥青工人的历史性队列研究纳入了58862名男性（911209人年），他们于1913年至1999年期间首次受雇于丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、以色列、荷兰和挪威从事沥青涂抹和混合工作的公司。使用特定研究的暴露矩阵评估了非恶性呼吸道疾病（包括阻塞性肺疾病：慢性支气管炎、肺气肿和哮喘）死亡率与特定化学物质及混合物之间的关系。阻塞性肺疾病死亡率与多环芳烃和煤焦油的估计累积暴露量及平均暴露量相关（线性趋势检验的p值分别为0.06和0.01）。沥青烟暴露与阻塞性肺疾病死亡率之间的正相关较弱且无统计学意义；不能排除同时接触煤焦油造成的混杂因素。作者缺乏吸烟和完整职业史的数据。总之，源自煤焦油且可能源自沥青烟的多环芳烃暴露可能导致了沥青工人阻塞性肺疾病的死亡，但不能排除混杂因素和偏倚作为观察到的关联的解释。
