Gerard C J, Dell'Aringa J, Hale K A, Klump W M
Targeted Genetics Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Gene Ther. 2003 Sep;10(20):1744-53. doi: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302062.
Following adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated transduction, cellular RNA preparations can be contaminated with AAV single-stranded DNA. The single-stranded DNA genome of recombinant AAV vectors can serve as an efficient, but undesirable, template for traditional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Consequently, recombinant AAV gene therapy presents a unique challenge to the design of sensitive and reliable methods to detect vector-derived mRNA. Several methods have been proposed to reduce the presence of single- and double-stranded vector DNA without compromising RNA specificity. For example, DNase I, although widely used, can be ineffective at completely removing the AAV single-stranded DNA genome. We have developed a sensitive real-time RNA-Specific reverse transcriptase PCR (RS-PCR) method that is independent of DNase I treatment. The RS-PCR method relies on the generation of a first-strand cDNA template using a primer with a linker sequence, X, at the 5'- end such that synthesis of second-strand cDNA incorporates the X-linker sequence into the cDNA template. The RS-PCR then utilizes forward and reverse primers targeting AAV vector sequence and the X-primer site, respectively, while a vector-specific Taqman probe makes sensitive real-time detection possible. We present data to validate the sensitivity and RNA specificity of the RS-PCR method and propose two unique endogenous control strategies by monitoring expression of both beta-glucuronidase and endogenous cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Finally, we demonstrate the utility of this new RS-PCR method in detecting recombinant AAV-CFTR expression, including, an in vitro transduction assay and methods to support both preclinical and clinical trials.
在腺相关病毒(AAV)介导的转导之后,细胞RNA制备物可能会被AAV单链DNA污染。重组AAV载体的单链DNA基因组可以作为传统逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法的有效但不理想的模板。因此,重组AAV基因治疗对设计灵敏可靠的方法来检测载体衍生的mRNA提出了独特的挑战。已经提出了几种方法来减少单链和双链载体DNA的存在,同时不影响RNA的特异性。例如,DNase I虽然被广泛使用,但在完全去除AAV单链DNA基因组方面可能无效。我们开发了一种灵敏的实时RNA特异性逆转录PCR(RS-PCR)方法,该方法独立于DNase I处理。RS-PCR方法依赖于使用5'-末端带有接头序列X的引物生成第一链cDNA模板,使得第二链cDNA的合成将X接头序列整合到cDNA模板中。然后,RS-PCR分别利用靶向AAV载体序列和X引物位点的正向和反向引物,同时使用载体特异性Taqman探针实现灵敏的实时检测。我们提供数据来验证RS-PCR方法的灵敏度和RNA特异性,并通过监测β-葡萄糖醛酸酶和内源性囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(CFTR)的表达提出两种独特的内参控制策略。最后,我们展示了这种新的RS-PCR方法在检测重组AAV-CFTR表达中的实用性,包括体外转导试验以及支持临床前和临床试验的方法。