Benatar-Haserfaty J, Puig Flores J A
Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2003 Jun-Jul;50(6):284-93; quiz 293-4, 298.
Regional anesthesia for ophthalmic procedures has changed significantly in the past ten years. Phacoemulsification for cataract surgery through corneal microincisions, soft foldable lenses and topical anesthesia simplify surgery such that most operations can be performed on an outpatient basis. Some anesthetic blocks are performed by either anesthesiologists or ophthalmologists, who should understand the advantages and disadvantages for each patient. This review discusses anatomical aspects of interest to the anesthesiologist, the main techniques used and anesthetic innovations, complications and certain controversies such as management of the patient who is taking medications that alter hemostasis, the withdrawal of hyaluronidase in some countries and the systematic ordering of tests before the procedure.
在过去十年中，眼科手术的区域麻醉发生了显著变化。通过角膜微小切口进行白内障手术的超声乳化术、软性可折叠人工晶状体和表面麻醉简化了手术，以至于大多数手术都可以在门诊进行。一些麻醉阻滞由麻醉医生或眼科医生实施，他们应该了解每种方法对每个患者的优缺点。本文综述讨论了麻醉医生感兴趣的解剖学方面、主要使用的技术、麻醉创新、并发症以及某些争议，如正在服用影响止血药物的患者的管理、在一些国家透明质酸酶的停用以及手术前系统的检查安排。
