Zaak D, Hungerhuber E, Müller-Lisse U, Hofstetter A, Schmeller N
Urologische Klinik, Klinikum der Universität München, Grosshadern, Munich.
Urologe A. 2003 Jun;42(6):849-63; quiz 864. doi: 10.1007/s00120-003-0368-6.
Urological emergencies that require specialist treatment include testicular torsion, gross hematuria, urogenital injuries and acute flank pain. After initial symptoms-adapted therapy, patients should be transferred immediately to an urological department for imaging (e.g. ultrasound, IVP, CT) and further specific examinations (e.g.blood tests, urine analysis, microbiology). Acute lower abdominal and scrotal pain in young men may be symptomatic of testicular torsion, which requires immediate urological surgery. Gross hematuria is usually not a life-threatening emergency. Nevertheless, urogenital tumor has to be ruled out by an urologist. Patients with urogenital injuries are triaged into surgical and non-surgical treatments. Differential diagnosis of acute flank pain falls into several medical fields. After initial symptom-related therapy, further diagnostic procedures have to be performed. Septic presentation may be symptomatic of infectious hydronephrosis which requires immediate urological intervention.
需要专科治疗的泌尿外科急症包括睾丸扭转、肉眼血尿、泌尿生殖系统损伤和急性胁腹痛。在进行初步的症状适应性治疗后，患者应立即转至泌尿外科进行影像学检查（如超声、静脉肾盂造影、CT）及进一步的特定检查（如血液检查、尿液分析、微生物学检查）。青年男性急性下腹部和阴囊疼痛可能是睾丸扭转的症状，这需要立即进行泌尿外科手术。肉眼血尿通常并非危及生命的急症。尽管如此，泌尿科医生必须排除泌尿生殖系统肿瘤。泌尿生殖系统损伤患者需分为手术治疗和非手术治疗。急性胁腹痛的鉴别诊断涉及多个医学领域。在进行初步的症状相关治疗后，必须进行进一步的诊断程序。脓毒症表现可能是感染性肾积水的症状，这需要立即进行泌尿外科干预。
