Dubey A P, Banerjee S
Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2003 Jul;70(7):579-84. doi: 10.1007/BF02723162.
MMR is a live attenuated vaccine. Indian children show almost 90% seroconversion against measles and rubella and 90% against mumps. Several adverse effects have been reported. Epidemiological studies do not support a causative link between MMR and autism, IBD or GBS. There is an association between the Urabe strain of mumps vaccine and viral meningitis. Vaccine associated thrombocytopenia has been reported. Severe hypersensitivity reactions occur, mainly due to the gelatin component. Outbreaks of measles occur in areas of high measles vaccine coverage, when susceptible individuals accumulate. A second dose is given mainly to vaccinate those who missed the first dose or had primary vaccine failure, rather than to boost waning antibody levels. The possibility or eradication of mumps with a second dose of mumps vaccine is being considered.
麻腮风疫苗是一种减毒活疫苗。印度儿童接种该疫苗后，麻疹和风疹的血清转化率近90%，腮腺炎的血清转化率为90%。已有多起不良反应的报告。流行病学研究并不支持麻腮风疫苗与自闭症、炎症性肠病或格林-巴利综合征之间存在因果关系。腮腺炎疫苗的乌拉尔株与病毒性脑膜炎之间存在关联。也有疫苗相关血小板减少症的报告。严重过敏反应时有发生，主要是由于明胶成分。在麻疹疫苗接种率高的地区，当易感人群聚集时，就会出现麻疹疫情。接种第二剂疫苗主要是为未接种第一剂或初次疫苗接种失败的人群提供接种机会，而非提高逐渐下降的抗体水平。目前正在考虑通过接种第二剂腮腺炎疫苗来实现消除腮腺炎的可能性。
