Steinborn W, Doehner W, Anker S D
Imperial College, NHLI, Department of Clinical Cardiology, London, UK.
Clin Nephrol. 2003 Jul;60 Suppl 1:S103-7.
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is an important public health care problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world wide. Anemia is a common finding in CHF and known to cause heart failure. Patients with CHF are limited by exercise capacity and fatigue. A low hemoglobin concentration leads to impairment of both. With increasing severity of heart failure, anemia also becomes more frequent and clinically more relevant. There are many potential reasons for development of anemia in chronic heart failure like bone marrow depression, reduced intestinal iron uptake, and the dilution in consequence of sodium and water retention. However, the anemia seen in CHF is generally an "anemia of chronic illness". Furthermore, it has been shown that hemoglobin levels independently predict increased mortality in CHF.
慢性心力衰竭（CHF）是一个重要的公共卫生保健问题，也是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。贫血是CHF中的常见表现，并且已知会导致心力衰竭。CHF患者受到运动能力和疲劳的限制。低血红蛋白浓度会导致两者受损。随着心力衰竭严重程度的增加，贫血也变得更加频繁且在临床上更具相关性。慢性心力衰竭中贫血的发生有许多潜在原因，如骨髓抑制、肠道铁吸收减少以及钠水潴留导致的血液稀释。然而，CHF中出现的贫血通常是“慢性病贫血”。此外，研究表明血红蛋白水平可独立预测CHF患者死亡率的增加。
