Hazlett Erin A, Levine Jill, Buchsbaum Monte S, Silverman Jeremy M, New Antonia, Sevin Elizabeth M, Maldari Liza A, Siever Larry J
Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1505, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Sep;160(9):1621-6. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1621.
Attentional deficits have been identified as an abnormality that individuals with schizotypal personality disorder share with schizophrenia patients. The purpose of this study was to examine automatic sensorimotor gating and controlled attentional modulation of the startle eye blink response in unmedicated subjects with schizotypal personality disorder.
Eighteen unmedicated patients with schizotypal personality disorder and 16 healthy individuals were assessed in an acoustic attention-to-prepulse paradigm. The participants performed a selective attention task involving the presentation of attended, ignored, and novel tones that served as prepulse tones. Acoustic startle probes were presented at short and long lead intervals after the onset of tones and occasionally during the intertone interval.
The comparison subjects showed greater prepulse inhibition and prepulse facilitation during the attended than the ignored prepulses, demonstrating early and later attentional modulation of startle eye blink response. In contrast, the subjects with schizotypal personality disorder failed to show this pattern.
Subjects with schizotypal personality disorder have deficits in controlled attentional processing, as indexed by modification of the startle eye blink response, that are similar to those observed in patients with schizophrenia.
注意力缺陷已被确认为分裂型人格障碍患者与精神分裂症患者共有的一种异常表现。本研究的目的是检验未服药的分裂型人格障碍患者惊吓眨眼反应的自动感觉运动门控和受控注意力调节。
对18名未服药的分裂型人格障碍患者和16名健康个体进行了听觉注意-预脉冲范式评估。参与者执行了一项选择性注意任务，其中包括呈现作为预脉冲音的被关注、被忽略和新出现的音调。在音调开始后的短和长引导间隔以及偶尔的音调间隔期间呈现听觉惊吓探测音。
比较对象在被关注的预脉冲期间比被忽略的预脉冲表现出更大的预脉冲抑制和预脉冲促进，表明惊吓眨眼反应的早期和晚期注意力调节。相比之下，分裂型人格障碍患者未表现出这种模式。
分裂型人格障碍患者在受控注意力加工方面存在缺陷，以惊吓眨眼反应的改变为指标，这与精神分裂症患者中观察到的缺陷相似。
