Dong Chen, Nurieva Roza I, Prasad Durbaka V R
Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7650, USA.
Immunol Res. 2003;28(1):39-48. doi: 10.1385/IR:28:1:39.
CD4 helper T (Th)-cells and the cytokines that they produce play essential regulatory roles in immune and autoimmune responses. Th activation and differentiation is regulated by costimulatory receptors. CD28 and CTLA-4 are important in maintaining the threshold of T-cell activation. ICOS and PD-1 are novel costimulatory receptors expressed on activated T-cells. B7-H3 recognizes a putative costimulatory receptor on activated T-cells. Here we summarize the latest developments in the novel costimulatory molecules and their roles in regulating Th activation, differentiation, and function.
CD4辅助性T（Th）细胞及其产生的细胞因子在免疫和自身免疫反应中发挥着重要的调节作用。Th细胞的激活和分化受共刺激受体调控。CD28和CTLA-4在维持T细胞激活阈值方面很重要。ICOS和PD-1是在活化T细胞上表达的新型共刺激受体。B7-H3识别活化T细胞上一种假定的共刺激受体。在此，我们总结新型共刺激分子的最新进展及其在调节Th细胞激活、分化和功能方面的作用。
